SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2020
Dry Eye Disease and Tear Cytokine Levels-A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decoding and reconstructing disease relations between dry eye and depression: a multimodal investigation comprising meta-analysis, genetic pathways and Mendelian randomization.Journal of advanced research · 2025Pooled it
- Tear-fluid-derived biomarkers of ocular complications in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- A Clinical Evaluation of Lifitegrast Ophthalmic Solution 5% in Symptomatic Contact Lens Wearers.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Trial
- Response of tear cytokines following intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland expression for treating meibomian gland dysfunction-related dry eye.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
- The effect of 0.1% topical ciclosporin a for 12-weeks on the ocular surface innate and adaptive immune response in dry eye disease: protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- The Ocular Signature of TBI: A Narrative Review of Structural Changes and Potential Candidate Biomarkers.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A window of opportunity: tear cytokine profiles in chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Ocular Surface Inflammation as a Driver of Cornea Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency: Mechanisms and Implications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Lyophilized Amniotic Membrane Eye Drops Stabilize the Tear Film in Dry Eye Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Nanomaterial-enabled smart contact lenses: bridging sensing, therapy, and theranostics for next-generation ocular healthcare.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- IL-2: a promising topical treatment for Sjögren's disease-related dry eye disease.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- A comprehensive review of tear fluid proteome alterations in dry eye disease: Insights into pathophysiology and biomarker potential.The ocular surface · 2026Review
- Diurnal Variation, Topographical Distribution and Day-to-Day Repeatability of Ocular Surface Epithelial Immune Cells in Individuals with Dry Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Therapeutic effects of Chelidonium majus on ocular surface ınflammation and tear film homeostasis in a benzalkonium chloride-ınduced rat model of dry eye disease.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- UCMSC-derived exosomes ameliorate dry eye disease pathogenesis by modulating neutrophils on Th17/Treg balance.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Effects of a Novel Dexamethasone Hydrogel Drug Delivery System on Cytokine and Mucin Expression in a Three-Dimensional In Vitro Conjunctival Inflammation Model.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Association of a novel meibomian gland dysfunction composite score with corneal nerve parameters and ocular surface symptoms in dry eye disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Correlation between tear cytokine profiles and corneal injury degree in patients with dry eye syndrome.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Value of Conjunctival Impression Cytology and Nelson Grading in Evaluating Dry Eye Disease in Ankylosing Spondylitis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- The effect of diquafosol on tear film inflammatory markers in patients with dry eye: A noncomparative, open-label, proof-of-concept study.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background-It is recognized that inflammation is an underlying cause of dry eye disease (DED), with cytokine release involved. We systematically reviewed literature with meta-analyses to quantitatively summarize the levels of tear cytokines in DED. Methods-The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were reviewed until September 2019, and original articles investigating tear cytokines in DED patients were included. Differences of cytokines levels of DED patients and controls were summarized by standardized mean differences (SMD) using a random effects model. Study quality was assessed by applying Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale and the GRADE quality score. Methods of analytical procedures were included as covariate. Results-Thirteen articles investigating 342 DED patients and 205 healthy controls were included in the meta-analysis. The overall methodological quality of these studies was moderate. Systematic review of the selected articles revealed that DED patients had higher tear levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, chemokine IL-8, IL-10, interferon-γ, IFN-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α as compared to controls. Evidence was less strong for IL-2 and IL-17A. Conclusions-Data show that levels of tear cytokines in DED and control display a great variability, and further studies of higher quality enrolling a higher number of subjects are needed, to define a cut-off value.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.