ArticleBehavior genetics2020
Separating Measured Genetic and Environmental Effects: Evidence Linking Parental Genotype and Adopted Child Outcomes.
Article in Behavior genetics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Robust genetic nurture effects on education: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on 38,654 families across 8 cohorts.American journal of human genetics · 2021Pooled it
- Parental characteristics and offspring mental health and related outcomes: a systematic review of genetically informative literature.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Examining intergenerational risk factors for conduct problems using polygenic scores in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- More than nature and nurture, indirect genetic effects on children's academic achievement are consequences of dynastic social processes.Nature human behaviour · 2024Article
- A Longitudinal Analysis of Gene x Environment Interaction on Verbal Intelligence Across Adolescence and Early Adulthood.Behavior genetics · 2023Article
- Annual Research Review: Towards a deeper understanding of nature and nurture: combining family-based quasi-experimental methods with genomic data.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Review
- The production of within-family inequality: Insights and implications of integrating genetic data.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Decomposing heritability and genetic covariance by direct and indirect effect paths.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Article
- Early manifestations of intellectual performance: Evidence that genetic effects on later academic test performance are mediated through verbal performance in early childhood.Child development · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of neuroplasticity linking early adversity to depression: developmental considerations.Translational psychiatry · 2021Review
- Evaluating the Continued Integration of Genetics into Medical Sociology.Journal of health and social behavior · 2021Article
- Estimating genetic nurture with summary statistics of multigenerational genome-wide association studies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Comparison of Adopted and Nonadopted Individuals Reveals Gene-Environment Interplay for Education in the UK Biobank.Psychological science · 2020Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
There has been widespread adoption of genome wide summary scores (polygenic scores) as tools for studying the importance of genetics and associated life course mechanisms across a range of demographic and socioeconomic outcomes. However, an often unacknowledged issue with these studies is that parental genetics impact both child environments and child genetics, leaving the effects of polygenic scores difficult to interpret. This paper uses multi-generational data containing polygenic scores for parents (n = 7193) and educational outcomes for adopted (n = 855) and biological (n = 20,939) children, many raised in the same families, which allows us to separate the influence of parental polygenic scores on children outcomes between environmental (adopted children) and environmental and genetic (biological children) effects. Our results complement recent work on "genetic nurture" by showing associations of parental polygenic scores with adopted children's schooling, providing additional evidence that polygenic scores combine genetic and environmental influences and that research designs are needed to separate these estimated impacts.
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Registered trials
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