ArticleFluids and barriers of the CNS2020
The incidence of significant venous sinus stenosis and cerebral hyperemia in childhood hydrocephalus: prognostic value with regards to differentiating active from compensated disease.
Article in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Glymphatic-Venous Axis in Brain Clearance Failure: Aquaporin-4 Dysfunction, Biomarker Imaging, and Precision Therapeutic Frontiers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Regulation of brain fluid volumes and pressures: basic principles, intracranial hypertension, ventriculomegaly and hydrocephalus.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Review
- A perspective on the evidence for glymphatic obstruction in spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome and fatigue.NPJ microgravity · 2024Review
- CSF flow measurement in the mesencephalic aqueduct using 2D cine phase-contrast MRI in dogs with communicating internal hydrocephalus, ventriculomegaly, and physiologic ventricular spaces.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- A scoping review of the discrepancies in the measurement of cerebral blood flow in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: oligemia, euvolemia or hyperemia?Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- Advances in differential diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases in magnetic resonance imaging: a narrative review.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2023Review
- Dilatation of the bridging cerebral cortical veins in childhood hydrocephalus suggests a malfunction of venous impedance pumping.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Transmantle and transvenous pressure gradients in cerebrospinal fluid disorders.Neurosurgical review · 2022Review
- Reappraisal of Pediatric Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- The relationship between cerebral blood flow and venous sinus pressure: can hyperemia induce idiopathic intracranial hypertension?Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2021Article
- The incidence of obesity, venous sinus stenosis and cerebral hyperaemia in children referred for MRI to rule out idiopathic intracranial hypertension at a tertiary referral hospital: a 10 year review.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSymptomatic or active hydrocephalus in children is linked to an elevation in intracranial pressure (ICP), which is likely to be multifactorial in origin. The CSF outflow resistance, venous sinus resistance and total cerebral blood flow are likely factors in the ICP elevation. The purpose of this paper is to define the incidence, site and significance of venous sinus stenosis and/or cerebral hyperemia in a cohort of children diagnosed with hydrocephalus at a tertiary referral hospital.
methodsThe imaging database was reviewed over a 10 year period and the index MRI of all children between the ages of 4 months and 15 years, who were diagnosed with treatment naive hydrocephalus of any type (excluding secondary to tumor) and had magnetic resonance venography (MRV) and flow quantification were selected. Patients were compared with children undergoing an MRI with MRV and flow quantification who were subsequently shown to have no abnormality. The cross-sectional area and circumference of the sinuses were measured at 4 levels. The hydraulic and effective diameters were calculated. An area stenosis of 65% or greater was deemed significant. A total cerebral blood flow greater than two standard deviations above the mean for controls was taken to be abnormal.
resultsThere were a total of 55 children with hydrocephalus compared to 118 age matched control MRV's and 35 control flow quantification studies. A high grade stenosis occurred in 56% of patients but in none of the controls (p < 0.0001). The commonest site of narrowing was in the distal sigmoid sinus. Cerebral hyperemia occurred in 13% of patients but did not occur in the controls.
conclusionsThe elevation in ICP in symptomatic hydrocephalus is multifactorial. Both high grade venous stenosis and cerebral hyperemia are common in childhood hydrocephalus. High grade stenosis was noted to be a risk factor for conservative management failure. Hyperemia was a good prognostic indicator.
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