ArticleBMC complementary medicine and therapies2020
Inhibitory effect of novel Eugenol Tosylate Congeners on pathogenicity of Candida albicans.
Article in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Als3 adhesin of clinically relevant Candida species using natural carotenoids: an in-silico study.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Natural-Compound Adjuvants Dismantle Candida Biofilms: Mechanisms, Design Rules, and Biofilm-Aware Pharmacology.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Prevalence of quorum-sensing genes (lasI, lasR, RhlI and rhlR) in biofilm-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates in Northern Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Synergistic antimicrobial effect and mechanism of enterocin Gr17 and cinnamaldehyde against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.Archives of microbiology · 2025Article
- Lipid nanocarrier containing eugenol for denture hygiene: evaluation of efficacy against Candida biofilms.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2025Article
- Concomitant Inhibition and Collaring of Dual-Species Biofilms Formed byPharmaceutics · 2024Article
- MIG1, TUP1 and NRG1 mediated yeast to hyphal morphogenesis inhibition in Candida albicans by ganciclovir.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Article
- Inhibitory effect of natural compounds on quorum sensing system inFrontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Antifungal Activities of Natural Products and Their Hybrid Molecules.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
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- Cellular apoptosis and cell cycle arrest as potential therapeutic targets for eugenol derivatives in Candida auris.PloS one · 2023Article
- Cinnamon Leaf and Clove Essential Oils Are Potent Inhibitors ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Combination Effect of Novel Bimetallic Ag-Ni Nanoparticles with Fluconazole againstJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Eugenol: A novel therapeutic agent for the inhibition ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Natural Compounds: A Hopeful Promise as an Antibiofilm Agent AgainstFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
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- Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe global prevalence of fungal diseases is increasing rapidly, which affects more than a billion people every year with significant mortality rate. On the other hand, the development of new drugs to treat these fungal infections is slow, while the current antifungal therapy is insufficient and associated with adverse side effects and emerging multidrug resistance. Therefore, development of novel antifungal drugs with least or no toxicity and multi-target mechanisms of action is an immediate priority. Natural products have long been known to possess antimicrobial activities and are source of new drugs. Currently, modifying natural products to synthesize derivatives/analogues are of great scientific focus for discovering novel drugs with improved potency and safety. Modifications in eugenol to synthesize eugenol derivatives with enhanced antifungal activity have already been reported.
methodsIn this study, three most active novel eugenol tosylate congeners (ETC-5, ETC-6 and ETC-7) were selected from our previous study to investigate their effect on major virulence factors of Candida albicans which include adherence, morphogenesis, hydrolytic enzymes secretion, biofilm formation and on expression of genes related to these virulence factors. Adherence and biofilm formation were studied by alamarBlue dye and XTT reduction assays respectively, hydrolytic enzyme secretion was evaluated by plate assays. Further, morphological transition was monitored microscopically and RT-qPCR was used to assess the gene expression levels.
resultsETCs significantly inhibited adherence in C. albicans with an inhibition range of 16-66%, and completely inhibited the morphogenesis at MIC values. Inhibition of proteinase and phospholipase activity was in the range of 2-48% and 8-34% respectively. Test compounds also significantly inhibit biofilm formation in C. albicans in the range of 7-77%. Furthermore, RT-qPCR results indicated a significant down regulation in expression levels of genes (ALS1, ALS2, ALS3, ALS9, CPH1, HWP1, SAP1, SAP2, SAP3 and PLB1) in C. albicans cells after treated with ETCs.
conclusionThe results indicated that these novel ETCs target major virulence factors of C. albicans and avert this commensal microbe to turn into pathogenic. However, further in-depth studies may facilitate the mechanisms involved by ETCs in targeting these virulence factors.
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