SynthesisInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Benefits of Creatine Supplementation for Vegetarians Compared to Omnivorous Athletes: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sport supplementation in competitive swimmers: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of creatine supplementation on memory in healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Nutrition reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Does creatine supplementation improve strength and power in physically active individuals on a vegan diet? a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Muscle creatine levels and sprint performance in young adult vegans and vegetarians after 7 days of creatine monohydrate supplementation.Physiological reports · 2025Trial
- Sustaining Muscle, Cardiovascular Health, and the Environment: Is Plant-Based Protein the Key?Nutrients · 2026Review
- Influences of dietary guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on performance and proteins involved in milk fat and protein synthesis in dairy cows.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2026Article
- Review
- Vegetarian diets in female athletes: performance, health outcomes, and the implementation gap.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Part II. Common questions and misconceptions about creatine supplementation: what does the scientific evidence really show?Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Review
- Creatine monohydrate supplementation for older adults and clinical populations.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025Review
- Creatine monohydrate supplementation and NOX impact skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow: a pilot study.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2025Article
- Are there Effective Vegan-Friendly Supplements for Optimizing Health and Sports Performance? a Narrative Review.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- Supplementation of Creatine Monohydrate Improves Sprint Performance but Has no Effect on Glycolytic Contribution: A Nonrandomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial in Trained Cyclists.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Review
- Serum metabolomic signatures of vegetarians relative to omnivores in a Chinese cohort: associations with cardiometabolic risk factors.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Review
- Nutritional strategies for improving sarcopenia outcomes in older adults: A narrative review.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2024Review
- Mitigating Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review of Supplementation and Dietary Protocols.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Article
- Creatine Monohydrate as an Effective Supplement for Muscular Fatigue in an Ehlers-Danlos Patient.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCreatine monohydrate is a nutritional supplement often consumed by athletes in anaerobic sports. Creatine is naturally found in most meat products; therefore, vegetarians have reduced creatine stores and may benefit from supplementation.
objectiveto determine the effects of creatine supplementation on vegetarians. DATA SOURCES: PubMed and SPORTDiscus. Eligibility criteria: Randomized controlled trials (parallel group, cross-over studies) or prospective studies.
participantsVegetarians.
interventionCreatine supplementation. Study appraisal and synthesis: A total of 64 records were identified, and eleven full-text articles (covering nine studies) were included in this systematic review.
resultsCreatine supplementation in vegetarians increased total creatine, creatine, and phosphocreatine concentrations in vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius muscle, plasma, and red blood cells, often to levels greater than omnivores. Creatine supplementation had no effect on brain levels of phosphocreatine. Creatine supplementation increased lean tissue mass, type II fiber area, insulin-like growth factor-1, muscular strength, muscular endurance, Wingate mean power output, and brain function (memory and intelligence) in vegetarian participants. Studies were mixed on whether creatine supplementation improved exercise performance in vegetarians to a greater extent compared to omnivores. LIMITATIONS: Studies that were reviewed had moderate-high risk of bias.
conclusionsOverall, it appears vegetarian athletes are likely to benefit from creatine supplementation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.