ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2020
Understanding the Acceptability of Subdermal Implants as a Possible New HIV Prevention Method: Multi-Stage Mixed Methods Study.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Heterogeneity of patient preferences for long-acting HIV treatment among people with HIV in Kenya.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Examining the Role of Posttraumatic Stress and Depressive Symptoms in HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Motivation Among Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Rise of implantable drugs: A chronicle of breakthroughs in drug delivery systems.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Review
- The Global Impact of Diversifying PrEP Options: Results of an International Discrete Choice Experiment of Existing and Potential PrEP Strategies with Gay and Bisexual Men and Physicians.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2024Article
- Perspectives on long-acting formulations of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among men who have sex with men who are non-adherent to daily oral PrEP in the United States.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Preferences Among Physicians and Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) for a Long-Acting, Removable Implant for HIV Prevention: A Discrete Choice Study.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Article
- Long-acting antiretrovirals: a new era for the management and prevention of HIV infection.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA long-acting implant for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is in development in the Sustained Long-Action Prevention Against HIV (SLAP-HIV) trial. This could provide an alternative to oral PrEP.
objectiveOur mixed methods study aimed to understand (1) users' experiences with a similar subdermal implant for contraception and (2) factors influencing the likelihood that gay and bisexual men (GBM) would use a proposed PrEP implant.
methodsWork was completed in 4 stages. In stage 1, we conducted a scientific literature review on existing subdermal implants, focusing on users' experiences with implant devices. In stage 2, we reviewed videos on YouTube, focusing on the experiences of current or former contraceptive implant users (as these implants are similar to those in development in SLAP-HIV). In stage 3, individuals who indicated use of a subdermal implant for contraception in the last 5 years were recruited via a web-based questionnaire. Eligible participants (n=12 individuals who liked implants a lot and n=12 individuals who disliked implants a lot) completed in-depth phone interviews (IDIs) about their experiences. In stage 4, results from IDIs were used to develop a web-based survey for HIV-negative GBM to rate their likelihood of using a PrEP implant on a scale (1=very unlikely and 5=very likely) based on likely device characteristics and implant concerns identified in the IDIs.
resultsIn the scientific literature review (stage 1), concerns about contraceptive implants that could apply to the PrEP implants in development included potential side effects (eg, headache), anticipated high cost of the device, misconceptions about PrEP implants (eg, specific contraindications), and difficulty accessing PrEP implants. In the stage 2 YouTube review, individuals who had used contraceptive implants reported mild side effects related to their device. In stage 3, implant users reported that devices were comfortable, unintrusive, and presented only minor discomfort (eg, bruising) before or after insertion and removal. They mainly reported removing or disliking the device due to contraceptive-related side effects (eg, prolonged menstruation). Participants in the stage 4 quantitative survey (N=304) were mainly gay (204/238, 85.7%), white (125/238, 52.5%), cisgender men (231/238, 97.1%), and 42.0% (73/174) of them were on oral PrEP. Not having to take a daily pill increased the likelihood of using PrEP implants (mean 4.13). Requiring >1 device to achieve 1 year of protection (mean range 1.79-2.94) mildly discouraged PrEP implant use. Participants did not mind moderate bruising, a small scar, tenderness, or bleeding after insertion or removal, and an implant with a size slightly larger than a matchstick (mean ratings 3.18-3.69).
conclusionsPrEP implants are promising among GBM. Implant features and insertion or removal-related concerns do not seem to discourage potential users. To ensure acceptability, PrEP implants should require the fewest possible implants for the greatest protection duration.
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