ArticleInternational archives of medicine2016
ICD9-CM Claims Data are Insufficient for Influenza Surveillance.
Article in International archives of medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characteristics of influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV surveillance systems that utilise ICD-coded data: a systematic review.Journal of global health · 2025Pooled it
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInfluenza and Influenza like illness are representative of a class of epidemic infectious diseases that have important public health implications. Early detection via biosurveillance can speed lifesaving public heath responses. In the United States, biosurveillance is typically conducted using ICD9 coded visit diagnoses and uncoded chief complaint data.
objectiveTo determine the accuracy of ICD9 diagnoses using laboratory confirmed cases as the gold standard.
designA six-year retrospective cohort study.
settingA tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: All 3,825 patients with an ICD9-CM diagnosis of Influenza and all 1455 patients with laboratory confirmed Influenza.
resultsOf the 3,828 patients assigned ICD9-CM visit codes indicating a diagnosis of Influenza, 2,825 were not confirmed by laboratory testing and 1,003 patients under went laboratory testing. Only 664 (66.2%) tested positive for Influenza. Of the 1,455 patients who tested positive for Influenza 45.6% were identified by ICD9-CM code.
conclusionICD9-CM had a low 66.2% Positive Predictive Value (precision) for Influenza and a low 45.6% Sensitivity (recall) for Influenza in patients tested for Influenza. ICD9 coded visit diagnoses/claims data are insufficient alone to serve as the basis for Influenza Surveillance. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: CDC grants PH00022 and HK00014.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.