ArticleScientific reports2020
An outbreak of gastroenteritis by emerging norovirus GII.2[P16] in a kindergarten in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysian Borneo.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Norovirus and Rotavirus Co-Infection Outbreak Investigation in a Primary School - Pudong New Area, Shanghai Municipality, China, March 2025.China CDC weekly · 2026Article
- Understanding the etiology of diarrheal illness in Cambodia in a case-control study from 2020 to 2023.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- The impact of anthropogenic climate change on pediatric viral diseases.Pediatric research · 2024Review
- Norovirus Epidemiology and Genotype Circulation during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil, 2019-2022.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Trends on Human Norovirus Virus-like Particles (HuNoV-VLPs) and Strategies for the Construction of Infectious Viral Clones toward In Vitro Replication.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Changing Predominance of Norovirus Recombinant Strains GII.2[P16] to GII.4[P16] and GII.4[P31] in Thailand, 2017 to 2018.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Detection of Norovirus Recombinant GII.2[P16] Strains in Oysters in Thailand.Food and environmental virology · 2022Article
- What is the Potential Cause for the Predominance of GII.2[P16] Norovirus in Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in China?China CDC weekly · 2022Article
- Acute Infectious Gastroenteritis: The Causative Agents, Omics-Based Detection of Antigens and Novel Biomarkers.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Isolation, identification, and whole genome sequence analysis of the alginate-degrading bacterium Cobetia sp. cqz5-12.Scientific reports · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Outbreaks of diarrhea in kindergartens are underreported and frequently go unnoticed in developing countries. To better understand the etiology this study was performed during an outbreak of diarrhea in a kindergarten in Sabah, Malaysia. Outbreak investigation was performed according to the standard procedures. In this outbreak a total of 34 (36.5%) children and 4 (30.8%) teachers suffered from gastroenteritis. Stool samples from seven children and 13 teachers were tested for rotavirus and norovirus. During the investigation stool samples were collected and sent in cold chain to the laboratory. The samples were subjected to rotavirus enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription PCR for norovirus. All samples were negative for rotavirus but positive for norovirus. To determine the genogroup and genotype of norovirus, nucleotide sequencing of the amplicons was performed. All norovirus from the outbreak was of genotype GII.2[16]. To determine the relatedness of the strains phylogenetic analysis was done using neighbor-joining method. Phylogenetically these strains were highly related to GII.2[P16] noroviruses from China and Japan. This study provided evidence that a diarrheal outbreak in a kindergarten was caused by GII.2[P16] norovirus which is an emerging strain in East Asia and Europe.
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