ArticleMicrobial pathogenesis2020
In vitro testing of combined hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin on SARS-CoV-2 shows synergistic effect.
Article in Microbial pathogenesis, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 171 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
171 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 315 citations in OpenAlex.
- Newly Emerged Antiviral Strategies for SARS-CoV-2: From Deciphering Viral Protein Structural Function to the Development of Vaccines, Antibodies, and Small Molecules.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in treatment of COVID19 -a systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian journal of medical microbiology · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin on the mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Meta-analysis on outcome-worsening comorbidities of COVID-19 and related potential drug-drug interactions.Pharmacological research · 2020Pooled it
- An Updated Systematic Review of the Therapeutic Role of Hydroxychloroquine in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19).Clinical drug investigation · 2020Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine for treatment of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and prevention of COVID-19 severity in pregnant and postpartum women: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2024Trial
- How Can Pharmacology Help Us Overcome the Challenges of Drug Repositioning as Antivirals to Treat Emerging Pathogens? The Example of Covid-19.Clinical and translational science · 2026Review
- Cholesterol-rich lipid rafts mediate endocytosis as a common pathway for respiratory syncytial virus entry into different host cells.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Autophagy and Respiratory Viruses: Mechanisms, Viral Exploitation, and Therapeutic Insights.Cells · 2025Review
- Electro-polymerization of modified carbon paste sensor for detecting azithromycin.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Nutrient Supplements for Young Children and Mothers' Self Medication with Over-the-Counter Drugs During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Plausible mechanism of drug resistance and side-effects of COVID-19 therapeutics: a bottleneck for its eradication.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- A study on the functional role of the DHCR24 gene in gonadal differentiation and development of Macrobrachium nipponense.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Efficacy of Ivermectin, Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine, and Azithromycin in Managing COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Phase III Clinical Trials.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Pathological and pharmacovigilance monitoring as toxicological imputations of azithromycin and its residues in broilers.Veterinary world · 2024Article
- Computational Screening Using a Combination of Ligand-Based Machine Learning and Molecular Docking Methods for the Repurposing of Antivirals Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024Article
- Role ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
111 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 appeared at the end of 2019 and led to a pandemic with high morbidity and mortality. As there are currently no effective drugs targeting this virus, drug repurposing represents a short-term strategy to treat millions of infected patients at low costs. Hydroxychloroquine showed an antiviral effect in vitro. In vivo it showed efficacy, especially when combined with azithromycin in a preliminary clinical trial. Here we demonstrate that the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin has a synergistic effect in vitro on SARS-CoV-2 at concentrations compatible with that obtained in human lung.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.