ArticlePloS one2020
Implications of multimorbidity on healthcare utilisation and work productivity by socioeconomic groups: Cross-sectional analyses of Australia and Japan.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variations in multimorbidity measurement in studies evaluating hospitalisation in older adults: a systematic review.BMC geriatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Association between multimorbidity and hospitalization in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.Age and ageing · 2022Pooled it
- Everyday Lives of Middle-Aged Persons with Multimorbidity: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Workplace productivity losses due to multimorbidity: findings from an Australian longitudinal population survey, 2009-21.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Multimorbidity and the indirect cost of productivity loss from health-related work absenteeism in Belgium.European journal of public health · 2025Observational
- Healthcare utilisation patterns and contributory factors among middle-aged adults: a scoping review.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Multimorbidity and health-related quality of life amongst Indigenous Australians: A longitudinal analysis.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Ethnic and geographic variations in multiple chronic conditions among community-dwelling older people in Xinjiang: a cross-sectional study.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Article
- Multimorbidity and complex multimorbidity, their prevalence, and associated factors on a remote island in Japan: a cross-sectional study.BMC primary care · 2022Article
- Association of Japanese and Mediterranean Dietary Patterns with Muscle Weakness in Japanese Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults:International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Negative Self-Assessment of Health in Women: Association with Sociodemographic Characteristics, Physical Inactivity and Multimorbidity.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Everyday lives of middle-aged persons living with multimorbidity: protocol of a mixed-methods systematic review.BMJ open · 2021Article
- Analysis of the regional difference in the number of multi-drug prescriptions and its predictors in Japan, 2015-2018.BMC research notes · 2021Article
- Urban-rural differences in the impacts of multiple chronic disease on functional limitations and work productivity among Chinese adults.Global health action · 2021Article
- How does multimorbidity affect middle-aged adults? A cross-sectional survey in the Singapore primary healthcare setting.BMC family practice · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMultimorbidity, the presence of 2 or more non-communicable diseases (NCDs), is a major contributor to inequalities of health in Australia and Japan. We use nationally representative data to examine (i) the relationships between multimorbidity with healthcare utilisation and productivity loss and (ii) whether these relationships differed by socioeconomic groups.
methodsCross-sectional analyses using the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) and the Japanese Study of Aging and Retirement (JSTAR) surveys. We examined 6,382 (HILDA) and 3,503 (JSTAR) adults aged ≥50 years. We applied multivariable regression, logistic and negative binomial models.
resultsPrevalence of multimorbidity was overall 38.6% (46.0%, 36.1%, 28.9% amongst those in the lowest, middle and highest education group, respectively) in Australia, and 28.4% (33.9%, 24.6%, 16.6% amongst those in the lowest, middle and highest education group, respectively) in Japan. In Australia and Japan, more NCDs was associated with greater healthcare utilisation. In Australia and Japan, more NCDs was associated with higher mean number of sick leave days amongst the employed and lower odds of being employed despite being in the labour force. The association between multimorbidity and lower retirement age was found in Australia only.
conclusionHaving more NCDs pose significant economic burden to the health system and wider society in Australia and Japan. Targeted policies are critical to improve financial protection, especially for lower income groups who are more likely to have multiple NCDs. These individuals incur both high direct and indirect costs, which lead to a greater risk of impoverishment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.