Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32342648›Full record

ArticlePhysiological reports2020

Do the anatomical and physiological properties of a muscle determine its adaptive response to different loading protocols?

Brad J Schoenfeld, Andrew D Vigotsky, Jozo Grgic, Cody Haun, Bret Contreras, Kenneth Delcastillo, Aston Francis, Gilda Cote, Andrew Alto

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Physiological reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Brad J SchoenfeldDepartment of Health Sciences, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4979-5783
Andrew D VigotskyDepartments of Biomedical Engineering and Statistics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Jozo GrgicInstitute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Cody HaunDepartment of Exercise Science, LaGrange College, LaGrange, GA, USA.
Bret ContrerasSport Performance Research Institute, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
Kenneth DelcastilloDepartment of Health Sciences, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, NY, USA.
Aston FrancisDepartment of Health Sciences, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, NY, USA.
Gilda CoteDepartment of Health Sciences, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, NY, USA.
Andrew AltoDepartment of Health Sciences, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, NY, USA.
Lehman College · USAuckland University of Technology · NZLaGrange College · USNorthwestern University · USVictoria University · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It has been proposed that superior muscle hypertrophy may be obtained by training muscles predominant in type I fibers with lighter loads and those predominant in type II fibers with heavier loads. PURPOSE: To evaluate longitudinal changes in muscle strength and hypertrophy of the soleus (a predominantly slow-twitch muscle) and gastrocnemius (muscle with a similar composition of slow and fast-twitch fibers) when subjected to light (20-30 repetition maximum) and heavy (6-10 repetition maximum) load plantarflexion exercise.

methodsThe study employed a within-subject design whereby 26 untrained young men had their lower limbs randomized to perform plantarflexion with a low-load (LIGHT) and a high-load (HEAVY) for 8 weeks. Muscle thickness was estimated via B-mode ultrasound and maximal strength was determined by isometric dynamometry.

resultsResults showed that changes in muscle thickness were similar for the soleus and the gastrocnemius regardless of the magnitude of load used in training. Furthermore, each of the calf muscles demonstrated robust hypertrophy, with the lateral gastrocnemius showing greater gains compared to the medial gastrocnemius and soleus. Both HEAVY and LIGHT training programs elicited similar hypertrophic increases in the triceps surae. Finally, isometric strength increases were similar between loading conditions.

conclusionsThe triceps surae muscles respond robustly to regimented exercise and measures of muscle hypertrophy and isometric strength appear independent of muscle fiber type composition. Moreover, the study provides further evidence that low-load training is a viable strategy to increase hypertrophy in different human muscles, with hypertrophic increases similar to that observed using heavy loads.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAdultExerciseHumansHypertrophyMaleMuscle Fibers, SkeletalMuscle Fibers, Slow-TwitchMuscle, SkeletalMuscle StrengthYoung Adultgastrocnemiushigh-loadlow-loadsoleusstrength training

Identifiers

PMID32342648
PMCPMC7186566
OpenAlexW3019935785

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.