ArticleEuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology2021
Statistical methods for composite endpoints.
Article in EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Evaluating intensive blood pressure control versus usual care on cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes using win statistics: a subgroup analysis of a cluster randomized trial.Journal of advanced research · 2026Trial
- Video Versus Face-To-Face Preoperative Anaesthetic Assessment: The VIDFACE Trial-A Statistical Analysis Plan.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of 3D-printed bone graft container in the treatment of tibial plateau fractures and postoperative rehabilitation prediction model.BMC surgery · 2026Article
- Bias in the Composite Outcomes of Kidney-Cardio Protective Trials in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Epidemiological Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical impact of tirzepatide on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Statistical Considerations and Challenges with Time-to-Event Analyses for Composite Endpoints in Clinical Trials.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2025Article
- Using the ICH estimand framework to improve the interpretation of treatment effects in internet interventions.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Review
- Adolescent Obesity and Charlson Comorbidity Index in Young Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Association of Weight Categories in Adolescence with Cardiovascular Morbidity in Young Adult Israeli Arabs-A Nationwide Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Making Sense of Composite Endpoints in Clinical Research.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- The effectiveness of penile curvature treatment by cavernous body rotation and plication of the tunica albuginea.Basic and clinical andrology · 2023Article
- Bidirectional influence of heroin and cocaine escalation in persons with dual opioid and cocaine dependence diagnoses.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Letter: Composite endpoints in clinical trials - simplicity or perfection?EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2022Article
- Reply: Composite endpoints in clinical trials - simplicity or perfection?EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2022Article
- Similar long-term outcome of dissimilar drug-eluting stents: is it time to change the assessment?EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2021Article
- Looking beyond the eyeball test: A novel vitality index to predict recovery after esophagectomy.The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2021Article
- Use of a multistate model in survival predictions in cardiology studies.REC, interventional cardiologyArticle
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Composite endpoints are commonly used in clinical trials, and time-to-first-event analysis has been the usual standard. Time-to-first-event analysis treats all components of the composite endpoint as having equal severity and is heavily influenced by short-term components. Over the last decade, novel statistical approaches have been introduced to overcome these limitations. We reviewed win ratio analysis, competing risk regression, negative binomial regression, Andersen-Gill regression, and weighted composite endpoint (WCE) analysis. Each method has both advantages and limitations. The advantage of win ratio and WCE analyses is that they take event severity into account by assigning weights to each component of the composite endpoint. These weights should be pre-specified because they strongly influence treatment effect estimates. Negative binomial regression and Andersen-Gill analyses consider all events for each patient -rather than only the first event - and tend to have more statistical power than time-to-first-event analysis. Pre-specified novel statistical methods may enhance our understanding of novel therapy when components vary substantially in severity and timing. These methods consider the specific types of patients, drugs, devices, events, and follow-up duration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.