ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2020
Carotid Artery Stiffness is Associated With Cognitive Performance in Former Smokers With and Without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of characteristic impedance in carotid stiffness and cognitive dysfunction: interaction with proximal aortic stiffness.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Correlation between Neuroimaging Scores and Carotid Artery Ultrasound Features in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Patients.Cerebrovascular diseases extra · 2025Article
- Review
- Effects of Carotid Artery Stiffness on Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease and Cognition.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Carotid Artery Stiffness: Imaging Techniques and Impact on Cerebrovascular Disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Daily Activities: The Impact of COPD and Cognitive Dysfunction.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2021Article
- Cognitive performance is lower among individuals with overlap syndrome than in individuals with COPD or obstructive sleep apnea alone: association with carotid artery stiffness.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2021Article
- Asymptomatic Carotid Disease and Cognitive Impairment: What Is the Evidence?Frontiers in neurology · 2021Review
- Carotid Artery Stiffness is Associated With Cognitive Performance in Former Smokers With and Without Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background Heavy smokers perform worse on neuropsychological assessment than age-matched peers. However, traditional pulmonary measures of airflow limitation and hypoxemia explain only a modest amount of variance in cognition. The current objective was to determine whether carotid artery stiffness is associated with cognition in former smokers beyond the effects of amount of smoking and pulmonary function. Methods and Results Eighty-four former smokers including individuals across a spectrum of airflow limitation severity were included: 30 without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] 0 with normal spirometry and lung computed tomography), 31 with mild-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (GOLD 1-2), and 23 with severe-very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (GOLD 3-4). Participants completed questionnaires, spirometry, carotid ultrasonography, and neuropsychological testing. Multiple linear regression was used to determine whether carotid artery stiffness is associated with neuropsychological performance in 4 cognitive domains after adjusting for age, sex, pack-years of smoking, estimated premorbid intellectual functioning, and airflow limitation. Higher carotid artery β-stiffness index was associated with reduced executive functioning-processing speed in the fully adjusted model (β=-0.49, SE=0.14;
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.