Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32338071›Full record

ArticleHealth education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education2020

Racial Capitalism: A Fundamental Cause of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Inequities in the United States.

Whitney N Laster Pirtle

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 202 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
202citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

202 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. Critical Reflections From the Black Women First Initiative.American journal of public health · 2025
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  15. Environmental Exposures and COVID-19 Experiences in the United States, 2020-2022.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
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  19. Race, wealth and health: The role of reparations.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025
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142 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Whitney N Laster PirtleUniversity of California Merced, Merced, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5357-8629

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Racial capitalism is a fundamental cause of the racial and socioeconomic inequities within the novel coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in the United States. The overrepresentation of Black death reported in Detroit, Michigan is a case study for this argument. Racism and capitalism mutually construct harmful social conditions that fundamentally shape COVID-19 disease inequities because they (a) shape multiple diseases that interact with COVID-19 to influence poor health outcomes; (b) affect disease outcomes through increasing multiple risk factors for poor, people of color, including racial residential segregation, homelessness, and medical bias; (c) shape access to flexible resources, such as medical knowledge and freedom, which can be used to minimize both risks and the consequences of disease; and (d) replicate historical patterns of inequities within pandemics, despite newer intervening mechanisms thought to ameliorate health consequences. Interventions should address social inequality to achieve health equity across pandemics.

Indexed as

CapitalismHealth Status DisparitiesRacismBetacoronavirusCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19Health EquityHumansMichiganPandemicsPneumonia, ViralRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2Socioeconomic FactorsUnited StatescapitalismcoronavirusCOVID-19fundamental causeshealth inequitiesracism

Identifiers

PMID32338071
PMCPMC7301291

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.