Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32336696›Full record

Trial reportJournal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis2021

Effect of Probucol and/or Cilostazol on Carotid Intima Media Thickness in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Randomized, Multicenter, Multinational Study.

Hyun-Jae Kang, Moo Hyun Kim, Jidong Sung, Sang-Hyun Kim, Cheol-Ho Kim, Jeong Euy Park, Junbo Ge, Byung-Hee Oh, IMPACT on IMT investigators

Open access · diamondAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. New Horizons for Probucol, an Old, Mysterious Drug.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.

Hyun-Jae KangDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University.
Moo Hyun KimDonga University Hospital.
Jidong SungDivision of Cardiology, Heart Stroke & Vascular Institute, Samsung Medical Center.
Sang-Hyun KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul Boramae Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine.
Cheol-Ho KimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital.
Jeong Euy ParkDrs Park and Kim Heart and lung international clinic.
Junbo GeCardiovascular Internal Medicine Department, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University.
Byung-Hee OhDepartment of Cardiology, Mediplex Sejong Hospital.
IMPACT on IMT investigators
Dong-A University Hospital · KRFudan University · CNInternational Heart and Lung Institute · USNew Generation University College · ETSamsung Medical Center · KRSejong General Hospital · KRSeoul National University Bundang Hospital · KRSeoul National University Hospital · KR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimIn a prospective randomized multinational open blinded endpoint study, the long-term effects of probucol or probucol and cilostazol with statin on carotid mean intima media thickness (IMT) were evaluated for the first time.

methodsHypercholesterolemic patients with coronary artery disease were randomized to three groups and received study drugs for 3 years: the control with statin alone; the probucol group with statin and probucol; and the combo group with statin, probucol, and cilostazol. Primary efficacy endpoint was changes of mean carotid IMT at 3 years. Biomarkers, major adverse cerebro-cardiovascular events (MACCEs) and safety were secondary endpoints.

resultsTwo hundred eighty-one patients were randomized into three groups. All three groups showed significant regression of carotid IMT at 3 years compared with baseline. Decrease in mean carotid IMT was significantly greater in the combo group than in the control group at 1 year. However, there were no significant differences in changes of mean carotid IMT between groups at 3 years (control; -0.12±0.36 mm vs. probucol; -0.11 ±0.32 mm vs. combo; -0.16±0.38 mm). MACCEs were frequent in the control group, but the difference was not significant (control; 10.8% vs. probucol; 4.4% vs. combo; 6.9%, p=0.35). Probucol and cilostazol were well tolerated in long-term treatment without serious drug-related adverse reactions.

conclusionProbucol or probucol and cilostazol with statin did not reduce carotid IMT in comparison with statin alone in this study. However, the clinical outcome of probucol-based treatment with current standard statin treatment may need further studies.

Indexed as

Coronary Artery DiseaseHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsProbucolAnticholesteremic AgentsCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLCilostazolDrug MonitoringDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleHumansHyperlipidemiasMaleMiddle AgedTimeAnticholesteremic AgentsCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLCilostazolHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsProbucolCarotid intima media thicknessCilostazolCoronary artery diseaseProbucol

Identifiers

PMID32336696
PMCPMC7957030
OpenAlexW3020658866

What OpenQuestion holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.