ArticleEnvironmental research2020
Maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the risk of isolated congenital heart defects among offspring.
Article in Environmental research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors for Working Pregnant Women and Potential Adverse Consequences of Exposure: A Systematic Review.International journal of public health · 2023Pooled it
- Joint impact of prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anxiety and depression exposure on birth outcomes across pre-pregnancy BMI categories.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- Does Maternal Smoking Increase the Risk of Congenital Heart Disease? Insights from a Single-Center Fetal Echocardiography Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Significant Congenital Cardiovascular Malformations and Falling Birth Rates: The Nevada Experience.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Maternal Myo-Inositol Intake and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Article
- Review
- Review
- Risk-prediction nomogram for congenital heart disease in offspring of Chinese pregnant women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Environmental Signals.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Maternal exposure to housing renovation during the periconceptional period and the risk of offspring with isolated congenital heart disease: a case-control study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- Birth defects associated with paternal firefighting in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study.American journal of industrial medicine · 2023Article
- Data-Driven Modeling of Pregnancy-Related Complications.Trends in molecular medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough there is evidence in experimental model systems that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is linked with congenital heart defects (CHDs), few studies have examined the association in humans. We conducted a case-control study to examine the association between maternal exposure to PAHs and CHDs in offspring using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS) (1997-2011).
methodsWe obtained detailed information on maternal occupation during the month before to three months after conception. Expert raters, masked to case-control status, assessed job descriptions to assign categorical levels of exposure. Categories were quantitatively mapped to estimate cumulative exposure to PAHs, incorporating exposure intensity, frequency, work duration, and work hours. Quartiles were generated for cumulative maternal exposure to PAHs. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression for quartiles of PAH exposure and six CHD groupings (e.g. conotruncal) and specific subtypes (e.g. tetralogy of Fallot [ToF]). Final models were adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, smoking, anticonvulsant use, folic acid supplementation, and study center.
resultsThere were 4,775 case and 7,734 control infants eligible for the study. The prevalence of occupational exposure to PAHs was 10.2% among both case and control mothers. In adjusted analysis, compared to mothers with no occupational PAH exposure, those in the highest quartile of exposure were more likely to have offspring in the conotruncal heart defects group (OR 1.41; 95% CI 1.00-2.00), and with ToF (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.21-2.78).
conclusionsWomen in the highest quartile of estimated cumulative occupational PAH exposure during early pregnancy were more likely to have offspring with conotruncal heart defects, specifically ToF, compared to women with no occupational PAH exposure. Other comparisons between PAHs and other CHDs subgroups did not show any statistically precise associations.
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