ReviewBritish journal of pharmacology2020
A hypothesis for pathobiology and treatment of COVID-19: The centrality of ACE1/ACE2 imbalance.
Review in British journal of pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global distribution of ACE1 (rs4646994) and ACE2 (rs2285666) polymorphisms associated with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Microbial pathogenesis · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Increased risk of acute kidney injury in coronavirus disease patients with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system blockade use: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Ramipril for the Treatment of COVID-19: RAMIC, a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.Advances in therapy · 2023Trial
- COVID-19 associated acute kidney injury.Infectious diseases & immunity · 2025Review
- Phenotypes and Endotypes in Sarcoidosis: Unraveling Prognosis and Disease Course.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Evaluation of the relationship betweenAsian biomedicine : research, reviews and news · 2024Article
- Article
- From Acute Infection to Prolonged Health Consequences: Understanding Health Disparities and Economic Implications in Long COVID Worldwide.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Review
- Article
- Exploring the Binding Effects of Natural Products and Antihypertensive Drugs on SARS-CoV-2: An In Silico Investigation of Main Protease and Spike Protein.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Review
- Effect of Amphotericin B on the Thermodynamic Properties and Surface Morphology of the Pulmonary Surfactant Model Monolayer during Respiration.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Review
- A Comprehensive Review of COVID-19-Associated Endocrine Manifestations.Southern medical journal · 2023Review
- Myocardial Injury and Altered Gene Expression Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection or mRNA Vaccination.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2023Article
- Cerebellar infarction risk in a mild COVID-19 case.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
- Biological sex differences in renin angiotensin system enzymes ACE and ACE2 regulate normal tissue response to radiation injury.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Review
- Thyroid Dysfunction among the Patients with Critical COVID-19.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2022Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme2 is the cell surface binding site for the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19. We propose that an imbalance in the action of ACE1- and ACE2-derived peptides, thereby enhancing angiotensin II (Ang II) signalling is primary driver of COVID-19 pathobiology. ACE1/ACE2 imbalance occurs due to the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2, reducing ACE2-mediated conversion of Ang II to Ang peptides that counteract pathophysiological effects of ACE1-generated ANG II. This hypothesis suggests several approaches to treat COVID-19 by restoring ACE1/ACE2 balance: (a) AT receptor antagonists; (b) ACE1 inhibitors (ACEIs); (iii) agonists of receptors activated by ACE2-derived peptides (e.g. Ang (1-7), which activates MAS1); (d) recombinant human ACE2 or ACE2 peptides as decoys for the virus. Reducing ACE1/ACE2 imbalance is predicted to blunt COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality, especially in vulnerable patients. Importantly, approved AT antagonists and ACEIs can be rapidly repurposed to test their efficacy in treating COVID-19. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on The Pharmacology of COVID-19. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.21/issuetoc.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.