SynthesisInternational urogynecology journal2020
Selective episiotomy versus no episiotomy for severe perineal trauma: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International urogynecology journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effect of Virtual Reality Application on Pain and Anxiety During Episiotomy Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.International urogynecology journal · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Perineal Massage and Warm Compresses Technique in Postpartum Perineal Pain. A Secondary Analysis from a Randomised Controlled Trial.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Trial
- Selective episiotomy guided by a perineal evaluation form for forceps-assisted vaginal delivery: a retrospective cohort study on maternal and neonatal outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Network meta-analysis of episiotomy approaches: comparing routine, restrictive, and non-episiotomy strategies and their effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes in primiparous patients.Reproductive health · 2025Review
- Clinical guidance paper VVOG-CRGOLFB prevention and management of obstetrical perineal trauma.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2025Article
- Trends in induction of labour and associated co-morbidities and demographics in Queensland, Australia from 2001 to 2020: a population-based study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Cultural Adaptation, Validation and Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of an Obstetric Violence Scale in the Spanish Context.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2023Article
- Letter to the editor: selective episiotomy versus no episiotomy for severe perineal trauma: a systematic review with meta-analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- Response re: Letter to the editor: selective episiotomy versus no episiotomy for severe perineal trauma: systematic review and meta-analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2020Article
- The Effect of Pregnancy in the Hemoglobin Concentration of Pregnant Women: A Longitudinal Study.Journal of pregnancy · 2020Article
- Postpartum hemorrhage following vaginal delivery and associated risk factors in the United Arab Emirates: The Mutaba'ah study.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisWe hypothesized whether a non-episiotomy protocol or administration of selective episiotomy as an intrapartum intervention would modify the incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS).
methodsWe registered this systematic review with the PROSPERO database (CRD42018111018). Prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included from databases until February 2019. The primary outcome was OASIS, and the secondary outcomes were any perineal trauma, duration of the second stage of labor, instrumental delivery, and post-partum hemorrhage. The risk of bias (Cochrane Handbook) and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) criteria were used to assess the RCTs.
resultsA total of 1,833 results (PubMed 650, SCOPUS 1,144, Cochrane Library 33, LILACS 6) were obtained. However, only 2 studies fulfilled the criteria for quantitative analysis and meta-analysis (n = 574). The non-episiotomy arm included two episiotomies (1.7% of deliveries), whereas the selective episiotomy included 33 episiotomies (21.4%). Performance of selective episiotomy demonstrated no difference compared with that of the non-episiotomy group with regard to OASIS (OR = 0.46 [0.15-1.39]; n = 543; I
conclusionsThere was no significant difference between non-episiotomy and selective episiotomy regarding OASIS. No RCT was able to confirm a benefit of the non-performance of episiotomies in the non-episiotomy arm.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.