ArticleNutrients2020
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Eye Health: Opinions and Self-Reported Practice Behaviors of Optometrists in Australia and New Zealand.
Article in Nutrients, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Beneficial Effects of Natural Bioactive Compounds on Eye Health: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Pharmacological, Natural and Emerging Therapies for Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Review.Drugs · 2026Review
- Healthy Dietary Patterns and Risk of Major Eye Diseases: Evidence From Nationally Population-Based Data and Bibliometric Analysis.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- Polyphenols and Eye Health: A Narrative Review of the Literature on the Therapeutic Effects for Ocular Diseases.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Potential ocular health benefit of short-term omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on the ocular tear film: An observational study.Medicine · 2025Observational
- The Role of Nutraceuticals in Age-Related Ocular Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Macular Pigment Carotenoid Supplementation for the Preservation of Visual Structure and Function Following a Collegiate Rugby Season.Eye and brain · 2025Article
- Microbiome as an endocrine organ and its relationship with eye diseases: Effective factors and new targeted approaches.World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology · 2024Review
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Dry Eye Disease: Considerations for Clinical Management.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- MEIBO (perfluorohexyloctane): a novel approach to treating dry eye disease.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Personalizing Nutrition Strategies: Bridging Research and Public Health.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Genetic testing and gene therapy in retinal diseases: Knowledge and perceptions of optometrists in Australia and New Zealand.Clinical genetics · 2024Article
- Protective effects of docosahexaenoic acid combined with bilberry extract on myopic Guinea pigs.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- The Influence of Socio-Economic Factors on Diet and Active Lifestyle in the Spanish Female Population.Nutrients · 2023Observational
- Potential Properties of Natural Nutraceuticals and Antioxidants in Age-Related Eye Disorders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Dietary supplements in retinal diseases, glaucoma, and other ocular conditions.Journal of preventive medicine and hygiene · 2022Review
- Innovation at the Edge of Nutrition Education Research.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Nutritional Treatment in Crohn's Disease.Nutrients · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study investigated optometrists' attitudes and self-reported practice behaviors towards omega-3 fatty acids for eye health, and knowledge and understanding of their potential risks and benefits. An anonymous online survey was distributed to optometrists in Australia and New Zealand. Questions included practitioner demographics and practice modality; self-reported practices and recommendations relating to diet, nutritional supplements, and omega-3 fatty acids for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and dry eye disease (DED); and practitioner knowledge about omega-3 fatty acids. Of 206 included surveys, most respondents (79%) indicated recommending for their patients to consume omega-3 fatty acids to improve their eye health. Sixty-eight percent of respondents indicated recommending omega-3-rich foods for AMD management, while 62% indicated recommending omega-3 supplements. Most respondents (78%) indicated recommending omega-3-rich foods or supplements for DED. For DED, recommended omega-3 supplement dosages were (median [inter-quartile range, IQR]) 2000 mg [1000-2750 mg] per day. The main sources of information reported by respondents to guide their clinical decision making were continuing education articles and conferences. In conclusion, optometrists routinely make clinical recommendations about diet and omega-3 fatty acids. Future education could target improving optometrists' knowledge of differences in the evidence for whole-food versus supplement sources of omega-3 fatty acids in AMD. Further research is needed to address uncertainties in the evidence regarding optimal omega-3 dosage and formulation composition in DED.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.