ReviewDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Comparative Study Regarding the Properties of Methylene Blue and Proflavine and Their Optimal Concentrations for In Vitro and In Vivo Applications.
Review in Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methylene blue for COVID-19 ARDS: insights from a randomized Clinical Trial.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Divinylbenzene-Cinnamic Acid Porous Copolymers for Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue from Water.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026Article
- Article
- The discovery of monoamine oxidase inhibitors: virtual screening and in vitro inhibition potencies.Journal of computer-aided molecular design · 2026Article
- Features of the wound healing process in mice during photodynamic therapy with fotoditazin and methylene blue in the presence of amphiphilic polymers and sodium alginate.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Article
- A case of the blue blues: the safety issue of recognizing and avoiding the retinal toxicity of methylene blue compared to brilliant blue and trypan blue.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization and green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles from Ureibacillus chungkukjangi for methylene blue degradation.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2025Article
- Newer Therapeutic Approaches in Treating Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Review.ACS omega · 2025Review
- Use of topical methylene blue to image nuclear morphometry with a low-cost scanning darkfield microendoscope.Journal of biomedical optics · 2024Article
- Interaction of Methylene Blue with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Envelope Revealed by Molecular Modeling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Microendoscopy in vivo for the pathological diagnosis of cervical precancerous lesions and early cervical cancer.Infectious agents and cancer · 2023Article
- Improved Bladder Tumor RNA Isolation from Archived Tissues Using Methylene Blue for Normalization, Multiplex RNA Hybridization, Sequencing and Subtyping.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Methylene blue applied to N95 respirators and medical masks for SARS-CoV-2 decontamination: What is the likelihood of inhaling methylene blue?American journal of infection control · 2022Article
- Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping: Current Applications and Future Perspectives in Gynecology Malignant Tumors.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Photo-activated proflavine degrades protein and impairs enzyme activity: Involvement of hydroxyl radicals.Toxicology reports · 2022Article
- Intraoperative study of the functional perforasome - an experimental model.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2021Article
- Methylene Blue has a potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and H1N1 influenza virus in the absence of UV-activation in vitro.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Methylene Blue and Proflavine as Intraarterial Marker for Functional Perforazome-Comparative Study.Journal of personalized medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Methylene blue and proflavine are fluorescent dyes used to stain nucleic acid from the molecular level to the tissue level. Already clinically used for sentinel node mapping, detection of neuroendocrine tumors, methemoglobinemia, septic shock, ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy, and photodynamic inactivation of RNA viruses, the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effect of methylene blue has been demonstrated in different in vitro and in vivo studies. Proflavine was used as a disinfectant and bacteriostatic agent against many gram-positive bacteria, as well as a urinary antiseptic involved in highlighting cell nuclei. At the tissue level, the anti-inflammatory effects of methylene blue protect against pulmonary, renal, cardiac, pancreatic, ischemic-reperfusion lesions, and fevers. First used for their antiseptic and antiviral activity, respectively, methylene blue and proflavine turned out to be excellent dyes for diagnostic and treatment purposes. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that both dyes are efficient as perfusion and tissue tracers and permitted to evaluate the minimal efficient concentration in different species, as well as their pharmacokinetics and toxicity. This review aims to identify the optimal concentrations of methylene blue and proflavine that can be used for in vivo experiments to highlight the vascularization of the skin in the case of a perforasome (both as a tissue tracer and in vascular mapping), as well as their effects on tissues. This review is intended to be a comparative and critical presentation of the possible applications of methylene blue (MB) and proflavine (PRO) in the surgical field, and the relevant biomedical findings from specialized literature to date are discussed as well.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.