Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32326248›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2020

A Critical Evaluation of Vibrational Stark Effect (VSE) Probes with the Local Vibrational Mode Theory.

Niraj Verma, Yunwen Tao, Wenli Zou, Xia Chen, Xin Chen, Marek Freindorf, Elfi Kraka

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Local Vibrational Mode Analysis of Phonon Dispersion Relations in Crystals.Journal of chemical theory and computation · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Niraj VermaDepartment of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275-0314, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4762-944X
Yunwen TaoDepartment of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275-0314, USA.
Wenli ZouInstitute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
Xia ChenHubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Xin ChenLaboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China.
Marek FreindorfDepartment of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275-0314, USA.
Elfi KrakaDepartment of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275-0314, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9658-5626
Southern Methodist University · USJilin University · CNNorthwest University · CN

Funding

National Science Foundation CHE 1464906
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over the past two decades, the vibrational Stark effect has become an important tool to measure and analyze the in situ electric field strength in various chemical environments with infrared spectroscopy. The underlying assumption of this effect is that the normal stretching mode of a target bond such as CO or CN of a reporter molecule (termed vibrational Stark effect probe) is localized and free from mass-coupling from other internal coordinates, so that its frequency shift directly reflects the influence of the vicinal electric field. However, the validity of this essential assumption has never been assessed. Given the fact that normal modes are generally delocalized because of mass-coupling, this analysis was overdue. Therefore, we carried out a comprehensive evaluation of 68 vibrational Stark effect probes and candidates to quantify the degree to which their target normal vibration of probe bond stretching is decoupled from local vibrations driven by other internal coordinates. The unique tool we used is the local mode analysis originally introduced by Konkoli and Cremer, in particular the decomposition of normal modes into local mode contributions. Based on our results, we recommend 31 polyatomic molecules with localized target bonds as ideal vibrational Stark effect probe candidates.

Indexed as

carbonylelectric fieldinfrared spectroscopylocal vibrational mode theorynitrilenormal mode decompositionStark spectroscopyvibrational Stark effectvibrational Stark effect probesVSE

Identifiers

PMID32326248
PMCPMC7219233
OpenAlexW3020630279

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.