ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2020
Evaluation of Criminal Sanctions Concerning Violations of Cattle and Pig Welfare.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Companion-Animal Abuse in South Korea: Welfare and Veterinary Implications from Criminal-Court Decisions (2003-2025).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Can an animal welfare risk assessment tool identify livestock at risk of poor welfare outcomes?Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2024Article
- Legal assessment of ingrown horns and other horn-related anomalies in cattle and sheep.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2024Article
- Are there risk factors commonly observed on Australian farms where the welfare of livestock is poor?Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2024Article
- Neutralisation techniques used by defendants charged with animal welfare offences in Finland.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2024Article
- An analysis of substantiated complaints made about incidents of poor livestock welfare, in Victoria, Australia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- Cattle Cleanliness from the View of Swedish Farmers and Official Animal Welfare Inspectors.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Animal Welfare Control-Inspection Findings and the Threshold for Requesting a Police Investigation.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
EU legislation requires the violations of animal welfare standards to be sanctioned. Our aim was to evaluate criminal sanctions concerning violations of cattle and pig welfare on Finnish farms. We analyzed 196 court cases heard in Finnish district courts from 2011 to 2016. Almost all the cases (95%) concerned the violations of cattle welfare, of which 61% occurred on small farms. The lack of cleanliness and inadequate feeding and watering were the most common reported violations. Median time span from the start date of an offending to a judgement was slightly less than two years. Of the cases, 96% resulted in conviction. The court did not perceive the violations as being highly blameworthy as a small fine and a short conditional imprisonment were the most often imposed sanctions. A ban on the keeping of animals was used as a precautionary measure in half of the cases. Veterinarians were shown to have an important role in the initiation of criminal procedures, providing evidence for the police, and acting as witnesses. Therefore, it is crucial to achieve a well-functioning collaboration between veterinarians and the police and prosecutors. The expertise of these authorities on animal welfare legislation should also be emphasized to improve the efficacy of criminal procedures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.