Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32325024›Full record

SynthesisJournal of sport and health science2021

Deconstructing athletes' sleep: A systematic review of the influence of age, sex, athletic expertise, sport type, and season on sleep characteristics.

Angelos Vlahoyiannis, George Aphamis, Gregory C Bogdanis, Giorgos K Sakkas, Eleni Andreou, Christoforos D Giannaki

Open access · diamondAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of sport and health science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
9.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Angelos VlahoyiannisDepartment of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus.
George AphamisDepartment of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus.
Gregory C BogdanisSchool of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 17237, Greece.
Giorgos K SakkasDepartment of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala 42100, Greece; School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK.
Eleni AndreouDepartment of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus.
Christoforos D GiannakiDepartment of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 1700, Cyprus. Electronic address: giannaki.c@unic.ac.cy.
University of Nicosia · CYCardiff Metropolitan University · GBNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens · GR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis systematic review aimed to describe objective sleep parameters for athletes under different conditions and address potential sleep issues in this specific population.

methodsPubMed and Scopus were searched from inception to April 2019. Included studies measured sleep only via objective evaluation tools such as polysomnography or actigraphy. The modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for the quality assessment of the studies.

resultsEighty-one studies were included, of which 56 were classified as medium quality, 5 studies as low quality, and 20 studies as high quality. A total of 1830 athletes were monitored over 18,958 nights. Average values for sleep-related parameters were calculated for all athletes according to sex, age, athletic expertise level, training season, and type of sport. Athletes slept on average 7.2 ± 1.1 h/night (mean ± SD), with 86.3% ± 6.8% sleep efficiency (SE). In all datasets, the athletes' mean total sleep time was <8 h. SE was low for young athletes (80.3% ± 8.8%). Reduced SE was attributed to high wake after sleep onset rather than sleep onset latency. During heavy training periods, sleep duration and SE were on average 36 min and 0.8% less compared to pre-season and 42 min and 3.0% less compared to in-season training periods, respectively.

conclusionAthletes' sleep duration was found to be short with low SE, in comparison to the general consensus for non-athlete healthy adults. Notable sleep issues were revealed in young athletes. Sleep quality and architecture tend to change across different training periods.

Indexed as

ActigraphyAge FactorsAthletesAthletic PerformanceHumansPolysomnographySex FactorsSleepSportsActigraphyPolysomnographySleep architectureSleep durationSleep quality

Identifiers

PMID32325024
PMCPMC8343120
OpenAlexW3011383147

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.