Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32322607›Full record

ArticleACS photonics2020

Relevance of the Quadratic Diamagnetic and Self-Polarization Terms in Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics.

Christian Schäfer, Michael Ruggenthaler, Vasil Rokaj, Angel Rubio

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS photonics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Vibrationally Induced Resonances in Lasing.The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Polaritonic quantum matter.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Bound polariton states in the Dicke-Ising model.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  8. Molecular Polarizability under Vibrational Strong Coupling.Journal of chemical theory and computation · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Density-Functional Theory for the Dicke Hamiltonian.Journal of statistical physics · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Do Molecular Geometries Change Under Vibrational Strong Coupling?The journal of physical chemistry letters · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics EnablesJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Christian SchäferMax Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Michael RuggenthalerMax Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Vasil RokajMax Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.
Angel RubioMax Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science & Department of Physics, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Experiments at the interface of quantum optics and chemistry have revealed that strong coupling between light and matter can substantially modify the chemical and physical properties of molecules and solids. While the theoretical description of such situations is usually based on nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics, which contains quadratic light-matter coupling terms, it is commonplace to disregard these terms and restrict the treatment to purely bilinear couplings. In this work, we clarify the physical origin and the substantial impact of the most common quadratic terms, the diamagnetic and self-polarization terms, and highlight why neglecting them can lead to rather unphysical results. Specifically, we demonstrate their relevance by showing that neglecting these terms leads to the loss of gauge invariance, basis set dependence, disintegration (loss of bound states) of any system in the basis set limit, unphysical radiation of the ground state, and an artificial dependence on the static dipole. Besides providing important guidance for modeling of strongly coupled light-matter systems, the presented results also indicate conditions under which those effects might become accessible.

Identifiers

PMID32322607
PMCPMC7164385

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.