ArticleCancer cell international2020
Herbal melanin inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation by altering redox balance, inducing apoptosis, and modulating MAPK signaling.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel synthetic melanin as a potential anticancer agent that induces apoptosis and cyclin D downregulation through distinct pathways.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Herbal Melanin Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Motility, Invasiveness, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, Associated with u-PAR Downregulation Through JNK and ERK Pathways.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Preclinical pharmaco-toxicological screening of biomimetic melanin-like nanoparticles as a potential therapeutic strategy for cutaneous melanoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- A Benzimidazole-Based N-Heterocyclic Carbene Derivative Exhibits Potent Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects against Colorectal Cancer.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- The Role of Natural Products from Herbal Medicine in TLR4 Signaling for Colorectal Cancer Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- [High expression of fragile X mental retardation protein inhibits ferroptosis of colorectal tumor cells by activating the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2024Article
- Melanin Synthesized by the EndophyticCurrent topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Herbal Melanin Inhibits Real-Time Cell Proliferation, Downregulates Anti-Apoptotic Proteins and Upregulates Pro-Apoptotic p53 Expression in MDA-MB-231 and HCT-116 Cancer Cell Lines.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Herbal melanin modulates PGE2 and IL-6 gastroprotective markers through COX-2 and TLR4 signaling in the gastric cancer cell line AGS.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2023Article
- Melanin biopolymers from microbial world with future perspectives-a review.Archives of microbiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Recent Advances and Progress on Melanin: From Source to Application.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Emerging Role of Plant-Based Dietary Components in Post-Translational Modifications Associated with Colorectal Cancer.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Melanin and Melanin-Functionalized Nanoparticles as Promising Tools in Cancer Research-A Review.Cancers · 2022Review
- The Anticancer Effects of the Pro-Apoptotic Benzofuran-Isatin Conjugate (5a) Are Associated With p53 Upregulation and Enhancement of Conventional Chemotherapeutic Drug Efficiency in Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Review
- Microenvironmental Reactive Oxygen Species in Colorectal Cancer: Involved Processes and Therapeutic Opportunities.Cancers · 2021Review
- Recent Updates on Mechanisms of Resistance to 5-Fluorouracil and Reversal Strategies in Colon Cancer Treatment.Biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundColorectal carcinoma is one of the most deadly cancers that requests effective and safe chemotherapy. Evaluation of natural product-based anticancer drugs as adjuvant treatment with fewer side effects is largely unexplored research fields. Herbal melanin (HM) is an extract of the seed coats of
methodsCell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione levels, and apoptotic status were assessed using fluorometric and colorimetric detection methods. HM-induced apoptotic and other signaling pathways were investigated using Western blot technology and mitochondrial transition pore assay kit. TLR4 receptor downregulation and blockade were performed using siRNA technology and neutralizing antibody, respectively.
resultsOur results showed that HM inhibited the proliferation of the colorectal adenocarcinoma HT29 and mCRC SW620 cell lines. Furthermore, HM enhanced ROS production and decreased glutathione levels. HM-induced apoptosis was associated with mitochondrial outer membrane permeability and cytochrome c release, inhibition of the Bcl2 family proteins, and activation of caspase-3/-7. In addition, HM modulated MAPK pathways by activating the JNK pathway and by inhibiting ERK phosphorylation. TLR4 receptor downregulation enhanced HM-induced apoptosis while TLR4 receptor blockade partially alleviated HM-inhibited ERK phosphorylation.
conclusionAltogether, these findings indicate that HM exerts pro-apoptotic effects and inhibits MAPK pathway through TLR4 in mCRC and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, suggesting HM as a promising natural-based drug for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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