ArticleEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2020
Development and validation of processed foods questionnaire (PFQ) in adult inflammatory bowel diseases patients.
Article in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative development of a short screening questionnaire of highly processed food consumption (sQ-HPF).The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2022Trial
- Physical Activity Is Inversely Associated with Clinical Exacerbation in Patients with Crohn's Disease in Remission: A Prospective Cohort Study.Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- The role of ultra-processed food in obesity.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Article
- Perspective: A Research Roadmap about Ultra-Processed Foods and Human Health for the United States Food System: Proceedings from an Interdisciplinary, Multi-Stakeholder Workshop.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- Ultra-processed foods and cardiometabolic health: public health policies to reduce consumption cannot wait.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2023Article
- A novel web-based 24-h dietary recall tool in line with the Nova food processing classification: description and evaluation.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Best practices for applying the Nova food classification system.Nature food · 2023Article
- Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption Is Positively Associated with the Clinical Activity of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Single-Center Study.Inflammatory intestinal diseasesArticle
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundProcessed foods have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Our goal was to develop a validated processed foods frequency questionnaire (PFQ) and assess its reliability and validity.
methodsWe recruited adult IBD patients to fill-in a PFQ in this prospective single-center study. Food intake was categorized into three groups of processed food levels: unprocessed, processed, and ultra-processed. Reliability was assessed by comparing the PFQ results of each patient at 2 time points. Validity was assessed by comparing the PFQ results to a 3-7 day food diary (FD), and by comparing urine sodium as a biomarker for the high intake of sodium that is mostly present in processed food.
resultsEighty-six IBD patients were enrolled. Good test-retest reliability was indicated by intraclass correlation of 0.75-0.88 for the different food processing levels. Validity was fair-to-strong as assessed by correlations for different levels of processed food intake between FDs and PFQ, ranging between 0.43 and 0.64 (Pearsonr, P < 0.001), and further supported by higher mean urine sodium levels in patients with high processed foods consumption compared with low consumption (104.57 ± 53.26 vs. 78.62 ± 39.08 mmol/L, respectively, P = 0.022). Agreement between PFQ and the FD in categorizing patients to high and low processed food consumption groups was fair (Kappa 0.23-0.35).
conclusionsThe PFQ is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of processed foods consumption in IBD patients and can be utilized for studying the association between processed food consumption and IBD etiopathogenesis.
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