ArticleScientific reports2020
Prevalence and psychopathology of vegetarians and vegans - Results from a representative survey in Germany.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mindfulness and sustainable diets: a meta-analysis and CONutrition journal · 2026Pooled it
- Disordered eating and the meat-avoidance spectrum: a systematic review and clinical implications.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2022Pooled it
- Improving the selenium supply of vegans and omnivores with Brazil nut butter compared to a dietary supplement in a randomized controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Inferred vegans in studies not designed to assess vegan status may be largely artifacts.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Food Safety and Nutritional Aspects of Plant-Based Dairy and Meat Alternatives: A Review.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Dietary intake of women with and without eating disorder history from pregnancy to 3 years postpartum: a longitudinal analysis.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Article
- Sleeping green: an Italian survey for the assessment of the relationship between sleep and vegetarian diet.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Article
- Plant-based diets especially healthy ones are negatively associated with depression: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and socio-economic disparities in vegetarianism and flexitarianism over 15 years: the Dutch Lifelines Cohort.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Effects of a cafeteria-based sustainable diet intervention on wellbeing at a large German hospital: a quasi-experimental study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Energy and Macronutrient Dietary Intakes of Vegetarian and Semi-Vegetarian Serbian Adults: Data from the EFSA EU Menu Food Consumption Survey (2017-2022).Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mapping the exposome of mental health: exposome-wide association study of mental health outcomes among UK Biobank participants.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence, motivations, lifestyle preferences, and basic health behavior among 1,350 vegan, vegetarian, and omnivorous Austrian school teachers and principals.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of the VEGANScreener, a Tool for a Quick Diet Quality Assessment among Vegans in Europe.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Assessment of women's needs, wishes and preferences regarding interprofessional guidance on nutrition in pregnancy - a qualitative study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Article
- Article
- Intake of foods high in saturated fats, vegetarian dietary pattern, and sociodemographic characteristics associated with body weight in Peruvian university students.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Micronutrient status of New Zealand adolescent women consuming vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of, and attitudes toward, vegetarianism and veganism. We also assessed the association between vegetarianism/veganism and eating disorder, depressive, and somatic symptoms. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey in adults in Germany that was representative in terms of age, gender, and educational level was carried out. Data from 2449 adults (53.5% females) were included. Mean age was 49.6 (SD 17.1) years. A total of 5.4% of participants reported following a vegetarian or vegan diet. While the majority of participants agreed that vegetarian diets are healthy and harmless (56.1%), only 34.8% believed this to be true of vegan diets. The majority of participants also believed that a vegetarian (58.7%) or vegan (74.7%) diet can lead to nutritional deficiency. Female gender, younger age, higher education, lower body mass index (BMI), and higher depressive and eating disorder symptoms were found to be associated with vegetarianism/veganism. We did not find increased physical complaints in the group of vegetarians/vegans. Our results point toward a moderate prevalence of vegetarianism/veganism among the general population. Our findings suggest that health care professionals should keep eating disorder pathology, affective status in mind when dealing with individuals who choose a vegetarian/vegan dietary pattern.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.