Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32321848›Full record

ArticleTobacco control2020

Longitudinal transitions of exclusive and polytobacco electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use among youth, young adults and adults in the USA: findings from the PATH Study Waves 1-3 (2013-2016).

Cassandra A Stanton, Eva Sharma, Kathryn C Edwards, Michael J Halenar, Kristie A Taylor, Karin A Kasza, Hannah Day, Gabriella Anic, Lisa D Gardner, Hoda T Hammad and 6 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Evaluation of Dual Use: Real Time Reductions in Combustible Cigarette Smoking During Co-Occurring Use of E-Cigarettes.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Trial
  2. Article
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  5. Biomarkers of Exposure to Nicotine and Selected Toxicants in Individuals Who Use Alternative Tobacco Products Sold in Japan and Canada from 2018 to 2019.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025
    Article
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  14. Review
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  17. Predictors of Discontinued E-Cigarette Use at One-Year Follow-Up in a Sample of Young Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Article
  18. Predictors of E-cigarette and Cigarette Use Trajectory Classes from Early Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood Across Four Years (2013-2017) of the PATH Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Article
  19. Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of Dependence Measures for Exclusive Electronic Cigarette Users.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Cassandra A StantonBehavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA cassandrastanton@westat.com.ORCID 0000-0001-5329-6261
Eva SharmaBehavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1328-508X
Kathryn C EdwardsBehavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0645-1705
Michael J HalenarBehavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8703-3811
Kristie A TaylorBehavioral Health and Health Policy Practice, Westat, Rockville, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6668-7923
Karin A KaszaDepartment of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-4492-098X
Hannah DayOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
Gabriella AnicOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
Lisa D GardnerOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-3340-2818
Hoda T HammadOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
Maansi Bansal-TraversDepartment of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-7944-3570
Jean LimpertOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
Nicolette BorekOffice of Science, Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
Heather L KimmelNational Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-8278-0095
Wilson M ComptonNational Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Andrew HylandDepartment of Health Behavior, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States.

Funding

NIDA NIH HHS HHSN271201100027C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveElectronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS; including e-cigarettes) are rapidly evolving in the US marketplace. This study reports cross-sectional prevalence and longitudinal pathways of ENDS use across 3 years, among US youth (12-17 years), young adults (18-24 years) and adults 25+ (25 years and older).

designData were from the first three waves (2013-2016) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study of US youth and adults. Respondents with data at all three waves (youth, n=11 046; young adults, n=6478; adults 25+, n=17 188) were included in longitudinal analyses.

resultsWeighted cross-sectional ever use of ENDS increased at each wave. Across all three waves, young adults had the highest percentages of past 12-month, past 30-day (P30D) and daily P30D ENDS use compared with youth and adults 25+. Only about a quarter of users had persistent P30D ENDS use at each wave. Most ENDS users were polytobacco users. Exclusive Wave 1 ENDS users had a higher proportion of subsequent discontinued any tobacco use compared with polytobacco ENDS users who also used cigarettes.

conclusionsENDS use is most common among young adults compared with youth and adults 25+. However, continued use of ENDS over 2 years is not common for any age group. Health education efforts to reduce the appeal and availability of ENDS products might focus on reducing ENDS experimentation, and on reaching the smaller subgroups of daily ENDS users to better understand their reasons for use.

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsAdolescentAdultAge FactorsChildCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesHumansLongitudinal StudiesPrevalenceTime FactorsTobacco ProductsTobacco UseUnited StatesVapingYoung Adultelectronic nicotine delivery devicesnon-cigarette tobacco productspreventionsurveillance and monitoring

Identifiers

PMID32321848
PMCPMC7530834

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.