ArticleBJPsych bulletin2021
The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of integrating mental health services in primary care in low- and middle-income countries: systematic review.
Article in BJPsych bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Real-world implementation of Collaborative Care in the United States: a systematic review.BMC primary care · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Integrated Care Approaches to Address Co-occurring Depression and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Diabetes care · 2024Pooled it
- Integrating Depression and Alcohol Use Care Into Primary Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Meta-Analysis.Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Pooled it
- Economic evaluation of psychological treatments for common mental disorders in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review.Health policy and planning · 2023Pooled it
- Psychometric Validation of a Combined Assessment for Anxiety and Depression in Primary Care in Mozambique (CAD-MZ).Assessment · 2022Pooled it
- Association of collaborative care intervention features with depression and metabolic outcomes in the INDEPENDENT study: A mixed methods study.Primary care diabetes · 2024Trial
- Cost-Effectiveness of a Collaborative Care Model Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Depression in India.Diabetes care · 2023Trial
- Degree of Behavioral Health Integration and Patient Outcomes.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFMTrial
- Global economic burden of depression in 154 countries from 2025 to 2050.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Preliminary Evidence of Feasibility, Acceptability, and Potential Benefit of a Culturally Responsive Mental Health Engagement Program for Hispanic Adults,Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Scaling up an integrated primary mental health screening programme in South Africa through co-development and continuous quality improvement.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Acceptability, feasibility and perceived benefits of integrating mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) into disease outbreak response in Western Uganda: a qualitative process evaluation study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Predictors and barriers to minimally adequate treatment among treated individuals with mental disorders: results from the World Mental Health Surveys.International journal of mental health systems · 2025Article
- Cost and Budget Impact of Layering Depression Care Onto Existing HIV and Noncommunicable Disease Care Services in Western Kenya.Value in health regional issues · 2025Article
- Economics of Task-Shifting in Surgery: A Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Barriers and facilitators in child and adolescent mental health services in a Middle Eastern country: qualitative study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Article
- Lessons From Implementing Research-Supported Practices to Address Psychiatric Illnesses in Two Countries.Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Global mental health and psychosocial support programming: An expert review of major implementation and funding challenges.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2025Review
- Integrated programs for common mental illnesses within primary care and community settings in Latin America: a scoping review of components and implementation strategies.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
AIMS AND
methodThis systematic review examines the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of behavioural health integration into primary healthcare in the management of depression and unhealthy alcohol use in low- and middle-income countries. Following PRISMA guidelines, this review included research that studied patients aged ≥18 years with unhealthy alcohol use and/or depression of any clinical severity. An exploration of the models of integration was used to characterise a typology of behavioural health integration specific for low- and middle-income countries.
resultsFifty-eight articles met inclusion criteria. Studies evidenced increased effectiveness of integrated care over treatment as usual for both conditions. The economic evaluations found increased direct health costs but cost-effective estimates. The included studies used six distinct behavioural health integration models. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Behavioural health integration may yield improved health outcomes, although it may require additional resources. The proposed typology can assist decision-makers to advance the implementation of integrated models.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.