ArticleBMC public health2020
Catastrophic health expenditure: a comparative study between hypertensive patients with and without complication in rural Shandong, China.
Article in BMC public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.8.2 and determinants of catastrophic health expenditures in Malaysia.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Inequality in prevalence of unmedicated hypertension or diabetes among older Filipinos: analysis of nationally representative survey data.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026Article
- Catastrophic Health Expenditure and Its Determinants in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease and Their Households: A Cross-Sectional Study From Iran in 2024.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Catastrophic health expenditure and associated factors among adult diabetes patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Catastrophic and impoverishing impacts of health expenditures: a focus on non-communicable diseases in Pokhara Metropolitan City, Nepal.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Factors associated with Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure in communities of Lagos Nigeria: A Megacity experience.PloS one · 2025Article
- Out-of-pocket health expenditure and associated factors among patients with hypertension in Debre-Tabor Comphrensive Specialized Hospital, South Gondar zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Catastrophic health expenditures in hospitalized patients with delta variant of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.Health promotion perspectives · 2023Article
- Catastrophic health expenditure of households with hypertension: a comparative study in China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Association between oxidative balance score and new-onset hypertension in adults: A community-based prospective cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- Trends and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure in China 2010-2018: a national panel data analysis.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Urban-rural differences in catastrophic health expenditure among households with chronic non-communicable disease patients: evidence from China family panel studies.BMC public health · 2021Article
- World Heart Federation Roadmap for Hypertension - A 2021 Update.Global heart · 2021Review
- Article
- Catastrophic Health Expenditure among Chronic Patients Attending Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2021Article
- Predicting the Risk of Hypertension Based on Several Easy-to-Collect Risk Factors: A Machine Learning Method.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
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7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundSome previous studies have assessed catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) in households with hypertensive patients, but few have examined the difference of CHE in hypertensive patients with and without complications. The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence and determinants of CHE between hypertensive patients with and without complications.
methodsData of this study were from a cross-sectional study in Shandong Province in China in 2016. Of the recruited 3457 hypertensive patients registered in the NCDs management system in the sampling villages, 3113 completed the survey, with a response rate of 90.05%.CHE was defined as out-of-pocket payments for hypertensive care that equaled or exceeded 40% of the household capacity to pay (non-food expenditure). Hypertension complications (e.g., stroke, coronary heart disease, hypertensive kidney disease, etc.) were collected in this study, which was categorized into 0 (no), 1(single), and 2 and more according to the types of hypertensive complications. We employed Chi-square test to explore associated factors and logistic regression model to identify the determinants of CHE.
resultsThe incidence of CHE and impoverishment is 13.6 and 10.8% among hypertensive patients. The incidence of CHE with one complication is 25.3% (Ρ = 0.000, OR = 2.29) and 47.3% (P = 0.000, OR = 3.60) in patients with two or more complications, which are both statistically higher than that in patients without complication (6.1%). Across all types of patients, income levels are inversely related to the incidence of CHE. Patients who use outpatient or inpatient service are more likely to experience CHE (Ρ = 0.000). Factors including living arrangements, family size, educational attainment are found to be significantly associated with CHE in some subgroups (Ρ <0.05).
conclusionsCHE and impoverishment incidence among hypertensive patients are both high in rural China. Patients with hypertensive complication are at higher catastrophic risk than those without complication. More attention needs to be paid to households with hypertension patients, especially for those with hypertension complications.
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