Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32320478›Full record

ReviewClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2020

Risks of ACE Inhibitor and ARB Usage in COVID-19: Evaluating the Evidence.

Krishna Sriram, Paul A Insel

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
15.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Plausible mechanism of drug resistance and side-effects of COVID-19 therapeutics: a bottleneck for its eradication.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024
    Review
  8. Article
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  10. Review
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  16. Article
  17. Highly pathogenic coronaviruses and the kidney.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Hypertension and COVID-19: Updates from the era of vaccines and variants.Journal of clinical & translational endocrinology · 2022
    Article

34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Krishna SriramDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Paul A InselDepartment of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
University of California, San Diego · US

Funding

University of California
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Concerns have been raised regarding the safety of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), based on the hypothesis that such medications may raise expression of ACE2, the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We conducted a literature review of studies (n = 12) in experimental animals and human subjects (n = 12) and evaluated the evidence regarding the impact of administration of ACEIs and ARBs on ACE2 expression. We prioritized studies that assessed ACE2 protein expression data, measured directly or inferred from ACE2 activity assays. The findings in animals are inconsistent with respect to an increase in ACE2 expression in response to treatment with ACEIs or ARBs. Control/sham animals show little to no effect in the plurality of studies. Those studies that report increases in ACE2 expression tend to involve acute injury models and/or higher doses of ACEIs or ARBs than are typically administered to patients. Data from human studies overwhelmingly imply that administration of ACEIs/ARBs does not increase ACE2 expression. Available evidence, in particular, data from human studies, does not support the hypothesis that ACEI/ARB use increases ACE2 expression and the risk of complications from COVID-19. We conclude that patients being treated with ACEIs and ARBs should continue their use for approved indications.

Indexed as

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsAnimalsCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19Dose-Response Relationship, DrugHumansPandemicsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase APneumonia, ViralACE2 protein, humanAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin Receptor AntagonistsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase A

Identifiers

PMID32320478
PMCPMC7264499
OpenAlexW3016944852

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.