ArticlePloS one2020
The relationship between executive functions and fluid intelligence in multiple sclerosis.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of socio-cognitive impairments in multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Empathy and Theory of Mind in Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Fluid Intelligence and Executive Dysfunction in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Shedding Light on Interaction Between Neurological Symptoms and Psychiatric Episodes in Multiple Sclerosis: Novel Hypothesis and Therapeutic Avenues.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Examining the Stability and Predictive Utility of Across- and Within-Domain Intra-Individual Variability in Mild Cognitive Impairment.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2025Article
- Microglia and Immune cells interactions in multiple sclerosis cognitive impairment: a postmortem study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Abnormal functional connectivity in radiologically isolated syndrome: A resting-state fMRI study.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Article
- Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: "classic" knowledge and recent acquisitions.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2023Article
- A promising cognitive screener in multiple sclerosis: The NIH toolbox cognition battery concords with gold standard neuropsychological measures.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND &
objectiveDeficits in cognitive functions dependent upon the integrity of the prefrontal cortex have been described in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In a series of studies we have shown that fluid intelligence (g) is a substantial contributor to frontal deficits and that, for some classical "executive" tasks, frontal deficits were entirely explained by g. However, for another group of frontal tasks deficits remained once g was introduced as a covariate. This second set of tests included multitasking and theory of mind tasks. In the present study, we aimed at determining the role of fluid intelligence in frontal deficits seen in patients with MS.
methodsA group of patients with Relapsing Remitting MS (n = 36) and a group of control subjects (n = 42) were assessed with a battery of classical executive tests (which included the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Verbal Fluency, and Trail Making Test B), a multitasking test, a theory of mind test and a fluid intelligence test.
resultsMS patients showed significant deficits in the fluid intelligence task. We found differences between patients and control subjects in all tests except for the multitasking test. The differences in the classical executive tests became non-significant once fluid intelligence was introduced as a covariate, but differences in theory of mind remained.
conclusionsThe present results suggest that fluid intelligence can be affected in MS and that this impairment can play a role in the executive deficits described in MS.
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