ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2020
Resistance to PD-L1/PD-1 Blockade Immunotherapy. A Tumor-Intrinsic or Tumor-Extrinsic Phenomenon?
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- Durvalumab With or Without Tremelimumab in Combination With Chemotherapy as First-Line Therapy for Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The Phase III POSEIDON Study.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Trial
- Crosstalk between tumor-associated macrophages and the B7/CD28 family in immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced immunotherapy.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Review
- Late-phase strategies to overcome limitations of PD-1/PD-L1 therapy: a clinical development trajectory through 2030.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Novel PD-L1 Small-Molecule Inhibitors Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Review
- Review
- PD-1/PD-L1 blockade therapy with atezolizumab: a new paradigm in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Dual targeting of TIGIT and VISTA in non-small-cell lung cancer immunotherapy.EXCLI journal · 2025Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Bintrafusp Alfa, a Bifunctional Fusion Protein Targeting Transforming Growth Factor-β and Programmed Death-Ligand 1, Plus Chemotherapy in Patients With Stage IV NSCLC.JTO clinical and research reports · 2025Article
- Notch Signaling and PD-1/PD-L1 Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Potentialities of Combined Therapies.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Rechallenge with immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy for patients with HCC-lot more to learn.Hepatology international · 2024Article
- Biomarker development for PD-(L)1 axis inhibition: a consensus view from the SITC Biomarkers Committee.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Review
- The Latest Look at PDT and Immune Checkpoints.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- 1,5-Disubstituted tetrazoles as PD-1/PD-L1 antagonists.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Real-World Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes After Platinum-Doublet Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multiregional Chart Review in the United States, Europe, and Japan.JCO global oncology · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy Enhancement by Targeting Extracellular Tumor pH in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Mouse Model.Cancers · 2023Article
- Interaction of glioma-associated microglia/macrophages and anti-PD1 immunotherapy.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- PD-L1 stimulation can promote proliferation and survival of leukemic cells by influencing glucose and fatty acid metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints such as programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed cell-death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), are revolutionizing cancer treatment and transforming the practice of medical oncology. However, despite all the recent successes of this type of immunotherapies, most patients are still refractory and present either intrinsic resistance or acquired resistance. Either way, this is a major clinical problem and one of the most significant challenges in oncology. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers to predict clinical responses or for patient stratification by probability of response has become a clinical necessity. However, the mechanisms leading to PD-L1/PD-1 blockade resistance are still poorly understood. A deeper understanding of the basic mechanisms underlying resistance to cancer immunotherapies will provide insight for further development of novel strategies designed to overcome resistance and treatment failure. Here we discuss some of the major molecular mechanisms of resistance to PD-L1/PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade and argue whether tumor intrinsic or extrinsic factors constitute main determinants of response and resistance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.