ArticleBMJ open2020
Ecological study of the association between mental illness with human development, income inequalities and unemployment across OECD countries.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- What Is the Impact of Unemployment as an Adverse Experience? Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of a dual intervention (motor and virtual reality-based cognitive) on cognition in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a single-blind, randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Trial
- Global, regional, and national burden of dementia attributable to depression among people living with diabetes: a comparative risk assessment study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Global, regional and national prevalence of mental disorders among women at childbearing age from 1992 to 2021.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Does healthcare expenditure matter equally for all mental disorders? An international approach employing dynamic panel data methods.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of mental disorders among women of reproductive age, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of anxiety disorders in Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Global burden of mental disorders among adolescents and young adults, 1990-2021: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021.General psychiatry · 2025Article
- Global patterns and trends of suicide mortality and years of life lost among adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Unemployment and mental health: a global study of unemployment's influence on diverse mental disorders.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of depressive disorder in the adult population of Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2023Article
- The central role of self-esteem in the quality of life of patients with mental disorders.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The trend analysis of neurological disorders as major causes of death and disability according to human development, 1990-2019.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- Comparison of inequity in health-related quality of life among unemployed and employed individuals in China.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Taking the inner route: spatial and demographic factors affecting vulnerability to COVID-19 among 604 cities from inner São Paulo State, Brazil.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
- Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in Norwegian Adolescents' Mental Health From 2014 to 2018: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesRecent studies have demonstrated worsened mental health in relatively highly developed countries impacted by social inequalities and unemployment. Here, we investigate (1) whether mental health issues are differently or similarly affected by these social factors and (2) whether their effects on mental health are related or unrelated to each other.
settingAnalysis at the country level among Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries (n=36). Data on social indicators were collected from OECD and the United Nations Development Programme databases. Data on the prevalence of mental issues were obtained from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation's Global Burden of Disease study 2017.
participantsNo involvement of participants. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Using linear regression models, we investigated the relative contribution played by human development (as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI)), social inequalities (Gini index) and unemployment (unemployment rate) on the prevalence of 10 mental health issues. We then measured the relationship between the socioeconomic factors' effects on mental issues using 2×2 Pearson's correlation test and principal component analysis.
resultsFirst, the overall effect of each socioeconomic factor on a combination of mental health disorders was large (r range: 0.51 to 0.76; p<0.002). However, the influence of social factors on mental health was relative to each mental issue (r range: -0.34 to 0.74). Second, the socioeconomic factors' effects on mental health showed strong interdependence (r
conclusionThese results implore a reanalysis of the socioeconomic determinants of mental health where (1) the heterogeneity of mental health issues would be taken into account and (2) each socioeconomic indicator's effect would be analysed and interpreted in conjunction with the others.
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