Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32317047›Full record

SynthesisPublic health nutrition2020

Enablers and barriers to implementation of and compliance with school-based healthy food and beverage policies: a systematic literature review and meta-synthesis.

R Ronto, N Rathi, A Worsley, T Sanders, C Lonsdale, L Wolfenden

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Public health nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  5. Consumer willingness to pay for healthier food products: A systematic review.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023
    Pooled it
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  11. Primary School Children's Views and Habits Around School Lunches.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026
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  15. PolicyPublic health nutrition · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

R RontoDepartment of Health Systems and Populations, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW2109, Australia.
N RathiDepartment of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai400076, India.ORCID 0000-0002-6098-1723
A WorsleySchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, VIC3220, Australia.
T SandersFaculty of Health Sciences, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Australian Catholic University, NSW2060, Australia.
C LonsdaleSchool of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, VIC3220, Australia.
L WolfendenHunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, NSW2287, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSchools have been recognised as a potential setting for improving young peoples' food and beverage choices; however, many schools fail to adhere to healthy food and beverage policy standards. The current study aimed to explore the enablers and barriers to effective implementation of and compliance with school-based food and beverage policies.

designSystematic review and meta-synthesis. Eight electronic databases were searched for articles in June 2019. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported on implementation and/or compliance of school-based food and/or beverage policies with outcomes relating to enablers and/or barriers. This review had no restrictions on study design, year of publication or language. Seventy-two full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, of which twenty-eight were included in this review.

settingStudies conducted globally that focused on schools.

participantsSchool-based healthy food and beverage policies.

resultsFinancial (cost of policy-compliant foods, decreased profit and revenue), physical (availability of policy-compliant foods, close geographical proximity to unhealthy food outlets) and social (poor knowledge, understanding, and negative stakeholders' attitudes towards policy) factors were the most frequently reported barriers for policy implementation. Sufficient funding, effective policy communication and management, and positive stakeholders' attitudes were the most frequently reported enablers for policy implementation.

conclusionsThere is a need for better communication strategies, financial and social support prior to school-based food policy implementation. Findings of this review contribute to a thorough understanding of factors that underpin best practice recommendations for the implementation of school-based food policy, and inform those responsible for improving public health nutrition.

Indexed as

Food ServicesGuideline AdherenceNutrition PolicySchoolsBeveragesFoodHumansFood environmentImplementationPoliciesSchools

Identifiers

PMID32317047
PMCPMC10200683

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.