ArticleBMC pediatrics2020
Confirmatory factor analysis of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among a community-based sample of parents and adolescents.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Links of Adversity in Childhood With Mental and Physical Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Mediating and Moderating Mechanisms.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2023Pooled it
- Household dysfunction and dating violence perpetration: the moderating effects of parental monitoring and closeness among middle school adolescents in Southeast Texas.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Cognitive flexibility and perceived threat from COVID-19 mediate the relationship between childhood maltreatment and state anxiety.PloS one · 2020Trial
- Individual and Interactive Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Household Income on Adolescent Depression and Anxiety Symptoms.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Development of an Age-Appropriate Household Dysfunction Measure and its Concurrent Validity With Multiple Outcomes Among Middle School Adolescents in Southeast Texas.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2026Article
- Bullying as an Adverse Childhood Experience?-State of the Art.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparison of the ACE-Q and CTES: A study of childhood trauma and perinatal depression.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between adolescent vaping and physical and mental health problems.Addictive behaviors reports · 2025Article
- Multi-omics analysis reveal clinical-gut-brain interactions in female ibs patients with adverse childhood experiences.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Research Review: Assessment of early-life adversity and trauma - cumulative risk and dimensional approaches.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Sexual identity, child maltreatment, mental health, and substance use among emerging adults aged 18 to 23 years.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025Article
- Associations Among Childhood Household Income, Latent Classes of Early Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Adolescent Mental Health.Issues in mental health nursing · 2025Article
- The Impact of Household Dysfunction on Dating Violence Perpetration Among Adolescents in the United States: A Scoping Review.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2025Article
- Personal, Family, and Environmental Factors Associated with Somatic Complaints in School-Aged Child Victims of Sexual Abuse.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2025Article
- Association of maternal and paternal adverse childhood experiences with emotional and behavioral problems among preschool children.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Demographic, Premorbid, and Clinical Characteristics of Schizophrenia Spectrum Patients with High and Low Polygenic Liability to the Disorder.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Adverse childhood and school experiences: a retrospective cross-sectional study examining their associations with health-related behaviours and mental health.BMC public health · 2025Article
- From vulnerability to duplicity: Examining the connection between childhood adversity and deception.PloS one · 2025Article
- Childhood adversity and late-life cognitive and brain health in a diverse cohort.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite increased understanding of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), very little advancement has been made in how ACEs are defined and conceptualized. The current objectives were to determine: 1) how well a theoretically-derived ACEs model fit the data, and 2) the association of all ACEs and the ACEs factors with poor self-rated mental and physical health.
methodsData were obtained from the Well-Being and Experiences Study, survey data of adolescents aged 14 to 17 years (n = 1002) and their parents (n = 1000) in Manitoba, Canada collected from 2017 to 2018. Statistical methods included confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and logistic regression models.
resultsThe study findings indicated a two-factor solution for both the adolescent and parent sample as follows: a) child maltreatment and peer victimization and b) household challenges factors, provided the best fit to the data. All original and expanded ACEs loaded on one of these two factors and all individual ACEs were associated with either poor self-rated mental health, physical health or both in unadjusted models and with the majority of findings remaining statistically significant in adjusted models (Adjusted Odds Ratios ranged from 1.16-3.25 among parents and 1.12-8.02 among adolescents). Additionally, both factors were associated with poor mental and physical health.
conclusionsFindings confirm a two-factor structure (i.e., 1) child maltreatment and peer victimization and 2) household challenges) and indicate that the ACEs list should include original ACEs (i.e., physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect, exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), household substance use, household mental health problems, parental separation or divorce, parental problems with police) and expanded ACEs (i.e., spanking, peer victimization, household gambling problems, foster care placement or child protective organization (CPO) contact, poverty, and neighborhood safety).
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