ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Quality to Predict the Risk of Waterborne Diseases in Primary-School Children.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Vibrio cholerae in Water Environments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Pooled it
- Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Schools in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Implications for the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Exploring environmental risk factors for diarrhea: Evidence from the Indonesian Health Survey, 2023.Environmental analysis, health and toxicology · 2026Article
- [Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH): a study of Brazilian rural public elementary schools].Cadernos de saude publica · 2026Article
- Bacterial diversity, quantitative risk assessment of spring waterborne pathogens and their biocontrol through phyto-biosorbents.PloS one · 2026Article
- Evaluation of drinking water quality and health risk assessment in rural primary schools along the Thai Myanmar border.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Photocatalytic Disinfection of Selected Waterborne Pathogens by Visible Light-Active Nano Iron-Doped TiOACS applied nano materials · 2025Article
- Predicting determinants of unimproved water supply in Ethiopia using machine learning analysis of EDHS-2019 data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Changing climate and socio-economic conditions as part of quantitative microbial risk assessment of surface drinking water sources: a review.Journal of water and health · 2025Review
- Modeling solutions for microbial water contamination in the global south for public health protection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Quantitative Assessment of Human Health Risks Associated with Heavy Metal and Bacterial Pollution in Groundwater from Mankweng in Limpopo Province, South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Recent Advances in Optical Sensing for the Detection of Microbial Contaminants.Micromachines · 2023Review
- Article
- Diarrhoea among Children Aged 5 Years and Microbial Drinking Water Quality Compliance: Trends Analysis Study in South Africa (2008-2018).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Geochemistry of subsurface water of Swabi district and associated health risk with heavy metal contamination.Environmental monitoring and assessment · 2022Article
- Towards transformative WASH: an integrated case study exploring environmental, sociocultural, economic and institutional risk factors contributing to infant enteric infections in rural tribal India.BMC public health · 2021Article
- One Health Paradigm to Confront Zoonotic Health Threats: A Pakistan Prospective.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Application of Lab-on-Chip for Detection of Microbial Nucleic Acid in Food and Environment.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Waterborne Isolates ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary-school children in low- and middle-income countries are often deprived of microbiologically safe water and sanitation, often resulting in a high prevalence of gastrointestinal diseases and poor school performance. We used Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment (QMRA) to predict the probability of infection in schoolchildren due to consumption of unsafe school water. A multistage random-sampling technique was used to randomly select 425 primary schools from ten districts of Sindh, Pakistan, to produce a representative sample of the province. We characterized water supplies in selected schools. Microbiological testing of water resulted in inputs for the QMRA model, to estimate the risks of infections to schoolchildren. Groundwater (62%) and surface water (38%) were identified as two major sources of drinking water in the selected schools, presenting varying degrees of health risks. Around half of the drinking-water samples were contaminated with
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