Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32315369›Full record

ArticlePloS one2020

Persistent contamination of raw milk by Campylobacter jejuni ST-883.

Anniina Jaakkonen, Rauni Kivistö, Maria Aarnio, Jenni Kalekivi, Marjaana Hakkinen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Novel AlphaPlex Design Enables Rapid Differentiation ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Genomic insights and survival dynamics ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Raw Milk as a Source ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Aerotolerancy ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  8. Review
  9. The Transmission ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anniina JaakkonenMicrobiology Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID 0000-0002-0638-4004
Rauni KivistöDepartment of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Maria AarnioMicrobiology Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Helsinki, Finland.
Jenni KalekiviMicrobiology Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Helsinki, Finland.
Marjaana HakkinenMicrobiology Unit, Laboratory and Research Division, Finnish Food Authority, Helsinki, Finland.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Campylobacter jejuni has caused several campylobacteriosis outbreaks via raw milk consumption. This study reports follow-up of a milk-borne campylobacteriosis outbreak that revealed persistent C. jejuni contamination of bulk tank milk for seven months or longer. Only the outbreak-causing strain, representing sequence type (ST) 883, was isolated from milk, although other C. jejuni STs were also isolated from the farm. We hypothesized that the outbreak strain harbors features that aid its environmental transmission or survival in milk. To identify such phenotypic features, the outbreak strain was characterized for survival in refrigerated raw milk and in aerobic broth culture by plate counting and for biofilm formation on microplates by crystal violet staining and quantification. Furthermore, whole-genome sequences were studied for such genotypic features. For comparison, we characterized isolates representing other STs from the same farm and an ST-883 isolate that persisted on another dairy farm, but was not isolated from bulk tank milk. With high inocula (105 CFU/ml), ST-883 strains survived in refrigerated raw milk longer (4-6 days) than the other strains (≤3 days), but the outbreak strain showed no outperformance among ST-883 strains. This suggests that ST-883 strains may share features that aid their survival in milk, but other mechanisms are required for persistence in milk. No correlation was observed between survival in refrigerated milk and aerotolerance. The outbreak strain formed a biofilm, offering a potential explanation for persistence in milk. Whether biofilm formation was affected by pTet-like genomic element and phase-variable genes encoding capsular methyltransferase and cytochrome C551 peroxidase warrants further study. This study suggests a phenotypic target candidate for interventions and genetic markers for the phenotype, which should be investigated further with the final aim of developing control strategies against C. jejuni infections.

Indexed as

Food MicrobiologyAnimalsCampylobacter InfectionsCampylobacter jejuniCattleDisease OutbreaksFarmsFecesFinlandHumansMilkRaw Foods

Identifiers

PMID32315369
PMCPMC7173850

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.