ArticleCancer medicine2020
Multi-marker algorithms based on CXCL13, IL-10, sIL-2 receptor, and β2-microglobulin in cerebrospinal fluid to diagnose CNS lymphoma.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical utility of cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-10 in central nervous system lymphoma: a molecular neuropathology-informed diagnostic meta-analysis.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Pooled it
- Soluble TIM-3 and galectin-9 serve as additional diagnostic biomarkers in primary central nervous system lymphoma.Journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Subacute parkinsonism associated with proteinuria, hematuria, and PR3-ANCA positivity: a diagnostic challenge.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- Dynamic changes in serum IL-6, TNF-Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Tumor-associated M2 macrophages shape the cerebrospinal fluid immunoprofile, and the soluble CD163/type I interferon ratio correlates with prognosis in high grade glioma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid β2-microglobulin as a diagnostic biomarker in central nervous system lymphoma: a single-center retrospective analysis.Annals of hematology · 2025Article
- Reliable intraoperative diagnostic methods for PCNSL: utility of combining intraoperative immunohistochemistry, cytology, and flow cytometry in achieving optimal treatment.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2025Article
- Association of preoperative seizures with reduced expression of soluble CD163, an M2 macrophage marker, in the cerebrospinal fluid in isocitrate dehydrogenase wild-type glioblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Diagnostic Value of sLR11 and sIL-2R in the Cerebrospinal Fluid for Malignant Central Nervous System Lymphoma.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2024Article
- Role and application of chemokine CXCL13 in central nervous system lymphoma.Annals of hematology · 2024Review
- Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system identified with CSF biomarkers.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- The Role of Beta2-Microglobulin in Central Nervous System Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Dural-based large B-cell lymphoma masquerading as a tentorial meningioma.Radiology case reports · 2024Article
- Essentials for early diagnosis of primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma. How to suspect primary intramedullary spinal cord lymphoma early and proceed to invasive biopsy? A case report and literature review.Surgical neurology international · 2024Article
- Updates of primary central nervous system lymphoma.Therapeutic advances in hematology · 2024Review
- CXCL13 in Cerebrospinal Fluid: Clinical Value in a Large Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Facial Nerve Neurolymphomatosis That Extends to Both the Brainstem and Extracranial Regions.Cureus · 2023Article
- Progress of radiological‑pathological workflows in the differential diagnosis between primary central nervous system lymphoma and high‑grade glioma (Review).Oncology reports · 2023Article
- Clinical utility of positron emission tomography leading to rapid and accurate diagnosis of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma presenting with the central nervous system symptoms alone: A case report and review of the literature.Surgical neurology international · 2023Article
- Kappa Free Light Chains, Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor, and Interleukin-6 Help Explore Patients Presenting With Brain White Matter Hyperintensities.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor biopsy is essential for the definitive diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. However, the biopsy procedure carries the risk of complications such as bleeding, convulsions, and infection. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are known to be useful diagnostic biomarkers for CNS lymphoma. The C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) was recently reported to be another useful biomarker for CNS lymphoma. The purpose of this study is to establish a diagnostic algorithm that can avoid biopsy by combining these diagnostic biomarkers. In the first, we conducted a case-control study (n = 248) demonstrating that the CSF CXCL13 concentration was significantly increased in CNS lymphoma patients compared with various other brain diseases (AUC = 0.981). We established a multi-marker diagnostic model using CSF CXCL13, IL-10, β2-MG, and sIL-2R from the results of the case-control study and then applied the model to a prospective study (n = 104) to evaluate its utility. The multi-marker diagnostic algorithms had excellent diagnostic performance: the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 97%, 97%, 94%, and 99%, respectively. In addition, CSF CXCL13 was a prognostic biomarker for CNS lymphoma patients. Our study suggests that multi-marker algorithms are important diagnostic tools for patients with CNS lymphoma.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.