ArticleImmunology2020
M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages is dependent on integrin β3 via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ up-regulation in breast cancer.
Article in Immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrin-mediated mechanotransduction in the tumor microenvironment: macrophage-centered signaling mechanisms and immune remodeling.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- FN1 as a key gene in modulating the integrin cell surface pathway in breast cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- SLAMF8 Promotes M2 Polarization of Macrophages and Enhances Breast Cancer Proliferation.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2026Article
- Mechanical Microenvironment in Tumor Immune Evasion: Bidirectional Regulation Between Matrix Stiffness and Immune Cells and Its Therapeutic Implications.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
- Macrophage-Based Nanoplatforms for Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery and Cancer Immunomodulation: Extracellular Vesicles, Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles, and Live Cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Macrophage and IL-6 signaling modulate multiple myeloma progression and response to metformin and CAR-T cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Defining the Tumor-Bone axis: the role of extracellular vesicles in a crucial exchange route for breast cancer development and progression.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2025Review
- Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein as a Potential Target for Enhancing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Natural anti-cancer products: insights from herbal medicine.Chinese medicine · 2025Review
- Cellular senescence promotes macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition in chronic ischemic renal disease.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Inflammation and cancer: molecular mechanisms and clinical consequences.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming and Ferroptosis: The Impact of Glucose, Protein, and Lipid Metabolism.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- tRNA-derived fragment 3'tRF-AlaAGC modulates cell chemoresistance and M2 macrophage polarization via binding to TRADD in breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Mammary tissue-derived extracellular matrix hydrogels reveal the role of irradiation in driving a pro-tumor and immunosuppressive microenvironment.Biomaterials · 2024Article
- RUNX1/NPM1/H3K4me3 complex contributes to extracellular matrix remodeling via enhancing FOSL2 transcriptional activation in glioblastoma.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- PD-1 inhibitor combined with chemotherapy for first-line treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with distant metastasis: a real-world retrospective study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Lipid metabolic reprogramming in tumor microenvironment: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2023Review
- Human Regulatory Macrophages Derived from THP-1 Cells Using Arginylglycylaspartic Acid and Vitamin D3.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages are particularly abundant and play an important role throughout the tumor progression process, namely, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in the tumor microenvironment. TAM can be polarized to disparate functional phenotypes, the M1 and M2 macrophages. M1-like type macrophages are defined as pro-inflammatory cells involved in killing cancer cells, while M2-like type cells can specially promote tumor growth and metastasis, tissue remodeling and immunosuppression. In this study, we first found that integrin β3 was highly expressed on the surface of TAM, both in vivo and in vitro, that displayed the M2-like characteristics. Under intervention of CYC or triptolide, the integrin β3 inhibitors, the M2 polarization of TAM could be inhibited. Moreover, in the cell model of M2 polarization, either blockade or knockout/knockdown of integrin β3 could also suppress macrophage M2 polarization, which suggested that the M2 polarization was dependent on integrin β3. Using knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), an M2 regulator, we found that expression and activation of PPARγ participated in M2 polarization that was mediated by integrin β3. Finally, to verify the activity of integrin β3 inhibitors on TAM in vivo, 4T1 tumor-bearing mice were treated with CYC or triptolide; in response, the M1/M2 ratio of TAM was up-regulated, while the infiltration of total lymphocytes into tumor tissue was not altered. In general, our study found a connection between integrin β3 and macrophage polarization, which provides a strategy for facilitating M2 to M1 repolarization and reconstructing the tumor immune microenvironment.
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