ReviewJournal of spine surgery (Hong Kong)2020
Complications of anterior cervical spine surgery: a systematic review of the literature.
Review in Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06475365 (The Effect of Salt Water Gargling on Swallowing Dysfunction Following Multi-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion), which is not on this map. Cited by 102 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Salt Water Gargling on Swallowing Dysfunction Following Multi-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF): A Randomized Control Trial
Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Delayed spontaneous expulsion of a stand-alone cervical interbody cage through the oral cavity: a case report and review of the literature.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Reoperation rate and risk factors of reoperation for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2023Pooled it
- Pulsatile vessel causing Esophageal compression and dysphagia: a rare complication of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.Oxford medical case reports · 2026Article
- Thyroid Obstacle During Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: When to Call Your ENT Surgeon Fellow? A Scoping Review of Individual Patient Data.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2026Review
- Impact of mental health disorders and perioperative outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF): a national inpatient analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and outcomes after cervical spine fusion: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map of real-world evidence.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Review
- The inter-sternohyoid median (ISM) approach: a novel median anterior corridor to the cervical spine - anatomical study and preliminary clinical application.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- A decade of impact: theJournal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Article
- Medullary thyroid carcinoma with cervical metastasis following anterior cervical disc replacement: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Partial hyoid bone resection to reduce superior laryngeal nerve traction injury in upper cervical ACDF: technical description and retrospective case series of C3-4.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Factors Affecting Outcomes in Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery.The Laryngoscope · 2026Article
- Biomechanical evaluation of a novel cervical interfacet self-locking cage versus ACDF: a goat cadaveric study combined with human CT-based finite element analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- How Common is Dysphagia After Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery, What Drives it, and Can it be Prevented? An Umbrella Review of Systematic Evidence.Global spine journal · 2026Review
- Can the efficacy of bone wax sealing method in dealing with cerebrospinal fluid leakage during ACDF be alternative to that of dural patch repair method?BMC surgery · 2026Article
- Cadaver-based hands-on course in cervical spine surgery: a prospective evaluation of surgical confidence and self-perceived autonomy.Acta neurochirurgica · 2026Article
- Comparative Outcomes of Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Vs Hybrid Surgery in Multilevel Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.International journal of spine surgery · 2026Article
- Clinical and radiographic outcomes of three-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using allograft cellular bone matrix.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2026Article
- A new approach to the lower cervical-thoracic spine with dislocation of the sterno-clavicular joint: FAMA (Fast Anterior Medium Approach).International orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Can we predict postoperative dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion based on lateral x-ray? An external validation of two outcome scores.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The anterior approach to the cervical spine is commonly utilized for a variety of degenerative, traumatic, neoplastic, and infectious indications. While many potential complications overlap with those of the posterior approach, the distinct anatomy of the anterior neck also presents a unique set of hazards. We performed a systematic review of the literature to assess the etiology, presentation, natural history, and management of these complications. Following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), a PubMed search was conducted to evaluate clinical studies and case reports of patients who suffered a complication of anterior cervical spine surgery. The search specifically included articles concerning adult human subjects, written in the English language, and published from 1989 to 2019. The PubMed search yielded 240 articles meeting our criteria. The overall rates of complications were as follows: dysphagia 5.3%, esophageal perforation 0.2%, recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy 1.3%, infection 1.2%, adjacent segment disease 8.1%, pseudarthrosis 2.0%, graft or hardware failure 2.1%, cerebrospinal fluid leak 0.5%, hematoma 1.0%, Horner syndrome 0.4%, C5 palsy 3.0%, vertebral artery injury 0.4%, and new or worsening neurological deficit 0.5%. Morbidity rates in anterior cervical spine surgery are low. Nevertheless, the unique anatomy of the anterior neck presents a wide variety of potential complications involving vascular, aerodigestive, neural, and osseous structures.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.