ArticleEpidemiology and psychiatric sciences2020
'Use of antipsychotics in children and adolescents: a picture from the ARITMO population-based European cohort study'.
Article in Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiac safety of antipsychotic medications in pediatric and adolescent population: a systematic review and pathways for future research.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- Neurological Adverse Effects of Antipsychotic Medication in Children and Young People.Paediatric drugs · 2026Review
- Antipsychotic prescribing trends in England: role of regional disparities, health inequalities and ethnic density.BJPsych open · 2026Article
- Psychotropic dispensing in Greek adolescents and young adults: national trends and regional variation.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2026Article
- Electrocardiographic findings in children and adolescents treated with antipsychotics: a cohort study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota, Antipsychotics, and Metabolic Alterations in Children and Adolescents: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Review
- Twenty-five year trend in antipsychotic medication prescribing in England: challenges and opportunities.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- The Current and Potential Role of Pediatric Clinical Pharmacologists in Italy: A Review with Evidence Synthesis and Literature Analysis.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Antipsychotic prescribing: national findings of children and adolescents attending mental health services in Ireland.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Aripiprazole, but Not Olanzapine, Alters the Response to Oxidative Stress in Fao Cells by Reducing the Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) and Promoting Cell Survival.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Psychotropic Medication Prescribing for Children and Adolescents After the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: exploring the role of psychiatrists in managing patients' physical health - challenges, current options and direction for future care.BJPsych bulletin · 2024Article
- Prevalence and prescribers' knowledge of psychotropic polypharmacy in the Bono, Bono East, and Ahafo Regions, Ghana.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Comparison of antipsychotic drug use among Dutch Youth before and after implementation of the Youth Act (2010-2019).European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Article
- Data Resource Profile: The Integrated Primary Care Information (IPCI) database, The Netherlands.International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsPrevalence of the use of antipsychotics (APs) in the paediatric population is globally increasing. The aim of this study was to describe multinational trends and patterns in AP use in children and adolescents in Europe.
methodsThis was a dynamic retrospective cohort study comprising all children and adolescents (⩽18 years of age). Data were extracted from five population-based electronic healthcare databases in Europe (Denmark, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and United Kingdom) from 2000 to 2010. Yearly prevalence and incidence of AP use was expressed per 1000 person-years (PYs).
resultsPrevalence increased from 1.44 to 3.41/1000 PYs (2008) in Denmark and from 2.07 to 4.35/1000 PYs in the NL (2009), moderately increased from 2.8 to 3.24/1000 in UK (2009) and from 1.53 to 1.74/1000 PYs in Germany (2008) and remained low from 0.61 to 0.34/1000 PYs in Italy (2010). Similarly, incidence rates increased from 0.69 to 1.52/1000 PYs in Denmark and from 0.86 to 1.49/1000 PYs in the NL, stabilised from 2.29 to 2.37/1000 PYs in the UK and from 0.79 to 0.80/1000 PYs in Germany and remained low from 0.32 to 0.2/1000 PYs in Italy. AP use was highest in 15-18 year olds and in boys compared to girls. Yet, the use observed in the 5-9 year olds was found to be comparatively high in the NL. Prescriptions of second generation APs, especially risperidone, were privileged but the first generation APs were still prescribed in the youngest.
conclusionsA steady increase in AP use in children and adolescents was observed essentially in the NL and Denmark. The use in Germany and Italy was lowest among countries. The use of APs under 9 years of age underlines their off-label use and should be carefully monitored as the risk/benefit ratio of these medications remains unclear in young children. AP use was altogether lower in Europe as compared to that reported in North America.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.