ArticlePsychological science2020
Comparison of Adopted and Nonadopted Individuals Reveals Gene-Environment Interplay for Education in the UK Biobank.
Article in Psychological science, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Robust genetic nurture effects on education: A systematic review and meta-analysis based on 38,654 families across 8 cohorts.American journal of human genetics · 2021Pooled it
- Parental characteristics and offspring mental health and related outcomes: a systematic review of genetically informative literature.Translational psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Prospective study on the impact of parental anxiety on academic performance in children with attention deficit.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Genetics and Socioeconomic Status: Some Preliminary Evidence on Mechanisms.Journal of political economy microeconomics · 2025Article
- Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Socio-economic status is a social construct with heritable components and genetic consequences.Nature human behaviour · 2025Review
- Gene-environment correlation: the role of family environment in academic development.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Genetics of Intelligence.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Review
- Article
- Polygenic Indices (a.k.a. Polygenic Scores) in Social Science: A Guide for Interpretation and Evaluation.Sociological methodology · 2024Article
- Using parent-offspring pairs and trios to estimate indirect genetic effects in education.Genetic epidemiology · 2024Article
- More than nature and nurture, indirect genetic effects on children's academic achievement are consequences of dynastic social processes.Nature human behaviour · 2024Article
- Examining intergenerational risk factors for conduct problems using polygenic scores in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Preeclampsia Argues Against an Ovulatory Shift in Female Mate Preferences.Archives of sexual behavior · 2023Article
- Conventional twin studies overestimate the environmental differences between families relevant to educational attainment.NPJ science of learning · 2023Article
- Do polygenic indices capture "direct" effects on child externalizing behavior? Within-family analyses in two longitudinal birth cohorts.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Simulated nonlinear genetic and environmental dynamics of complex traits.Development and psychopathology · 2023Article
- The production of within-family inequality: Insights and implications of integrating genetic data.PNAS nexus · 2023Article
- Annual Research Review: Towards a deeper understanding of nature and nurture: combining family-based quasi-experimental methods with genomic data.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Review
- Why we need families in genomic research on developmental psychopathology.JCPP advances · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Polygenic scores now explain approximately 10% of the variation in educational attainment. However, they capture not only genetic propensity but also information about the family environment. This is because of passive gene-environment correlation, whereby the correlation between offspring and parent genotypes results in an association between offspring genotypes and the rearing environment. We measured passive gene-environment correlation using information on 6,311 adoptees in the UK Biobank. Adoptees' genotypes were less correlated with their rearing environments because they did not share genes with their adoptive parents. We found that polygenic scores were twice as predictive of years of education in nonadopted individuals compared with adoptees (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.