SynthesisFemale pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery2021
Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of Symptomatic Pelvic Floor Myofascial Pain in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Female pelvic medicine & reconstructive surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and network meta-analysis of pharmaceutical interventions used to manage chronic pain.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- The efficacy of botulinum toxin a injections in pelvic floor muscles in chronic pelvic pain patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International urogynecology journal · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of diagnostic tests to detect pelvic floor myofascial pain.International urogynecology journal · 2022Pooled it
- A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Vaginal Cryotherapy for the Treatment of Pelvic Floor Myofascial Pain.International urogynecology journal · 2024Trial
- Modified Delphi Consensus Guidelines for Pelvic Floor Botulinum Toxin Injection.Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Matrix Radiofrequency Combined with Myofascial Manipulation in the Treatment of Myofascial Pelvic Pain: A Retrospective Study.International urogynecology journal · 2025Article
- Myofascial Pain Syndrome: An Update on Clinical Characteristics, Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Muscle & nerve · 2025Review
- Chronic pelvic pain and botulinum toxin.Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2025Review
- Use of botulinum toxin in aesthetic medicine and gynaecology: current approaches, controversies, and future directions.Przeglad menopauzalny = Menopause review · 2023Review
- Article
- Trigger point injections followed by immediate myofascial release in the treatment of pelvic floor tension myalgia.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2023Article
- Clinical Management of Chronic Pelvic Pain in Endometriosis Unresponsive to Conventional Therapy.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Treatment of Dyspareunia with Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A: Clinical Improvement and Influence of Patients' Characteristics.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Vulvar Itching and Pain Without Skin Pathology: Is Vulvodynia the Diagnosis?Pediatric dermatologyArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe aims of the study were to systematically review the literature and to synthesize the evidence for the effectiveness of botulinum toxin injection to the pelvic floor muscles for treating pelvic floor myofascial pain in female patients.
methodsThis systematic literature search was performed in February 2018 and updated in September 2019. Articles were screened based on predefined criteria: (1) adult population, (2) female patients, (3) treatment of pelvic pain by transvaginal botulinum toxin injection into the pelvic floor, (4) published in English or English translation available, (5) study design including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and case series with more than 10 participants, and (6) quantitative report of pain scores. Nine studies were included in the primary analysis, and an unpublished study was included in a sensitivity analysis. A random effects model with robust variance estimation was used to estimate the pooled mean difference in patient-reported pain scores after botulinum toxin injection.
resultsA statistically significant reduction in patient-reported pain scores was noted at 6 weeks after botulinum toxin injection (mean difference, 20.3; 95% confidence interval, 11.7-28.9) and continued past 12 weeks (mean difference, 19.4; 95% confidence interval, 14.6-24.2). Significant improvement was noted in secondary outcomes including dyspareunia, dyschezia, and quality of life.
conclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis support the conduct of future, large-scale randomized controlled trials to determine the efficacy and optimize administration of botulinum toxin injections for treatment of pelvic floor myofascial pain and associated symptoms in women.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.