Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32301043›Full record

ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2020

Modifiable Factors Associated with Non-adherence to Antihypertensive or Antihyperlipidemic Drugs Are Dissimilar: a Multicenter Study Among Patients with Diabetes in Indonesia.

Sofa D Alfian, Nurul Annisa, Fajriansyah Fajriansyah, Dyah A Perwitasari, Rizky Abdulah, Eelko Hak, Petra Denig

Open access · hybridAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.7field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Hypertension in Adults With Diabetes in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025
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  3. Beyond medication: factors contributing to uncontrolled hypertension from the 2023 Indonesian health survey.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Sofa D AlfianUnit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology, & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands. s.d.alfian@rug.nl.
Nurul AnnisaFaculty of Pharmacy, Unit of Clinical Pharmacy and Community, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Fajriansyah FajriansyahFaculty of Pharmacy, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Makassar, Indonesia.
Dyah A PerwitasariFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Rizky AbdulahFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Indonesia.
Eelko HakUnit of PharmacoTherapy, -Epidemiology, & -Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Petra DenigDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
University of Groningen · NLMulawarman University · IDPadjadjaran University · IDUniversitas Ahmad Dahlan · IDUniversitas Patria Artha · IDUniversity Medical Center Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo develop targeted and tailored interventions for addressing medication non-adherence, it is important to identify underlying factors.

objectiveTo identify factors associated with non-adherence as well as subtypes of non-adherence to antihypertensive or antihyperlipidemic drugs among patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia.

designAn observational multicenter cross-sectional survey.

participantsPatients with type 2 diabetes using either antihypertensive or antihyperlipidemic drugs in four regions in Indonesia. MAIN MEASURES: Non-adherence and its subtypes of intentional and unintentional non-adherence were assessed using the Medication Adherence Report Scale. Necessity and concern beliefs were assessed with the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire. We applied binary and multinomial logistic regression to assess associations of medication beliefs, sociodemographic factors, and clinical-related factors to non-adherence and report odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). KEY

resultsOf 571 participating patients (response rate 97%), 45.5% and 52.7% were non-adherent to antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs, respectively. Older age was associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive drugs (60-69 years) (OR, 5.65; 95% CI, 2.68-11.92), while higher necessity beliefs (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.88-0.95) were associated with less non-adherence. Factors associated with non-adherence to antihyperlipidemic drugs were female gender (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.03-3.27) and higher concern beliefs (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03-1.18), while higher necessity beliefs (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83-0.96) were associated with less non-adherence.

conclusionsThe main factors associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs are modifiable. In general, beliefs about the necessity of the drug are important but for antihyperlipidemic drugs concerns are important as well. Healthcare providers should pay attention to identify and address medication beliefs during patient counselling.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Pharmaceutical PreparationsAgedAntihypertensive AgentsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansHypolipidemic AgentsIndonesiaMaleMedication AdherenceAntihypertensive AgentsHypolipidemic AgentsPharmaceutical Preparationsblood pressure–lowering medicationdiabetes mellituslipid-lowering medicationmedication beliefsmedication non-adherence

Identifiers

PMID32301043
PMCPMC7573041
OpenAlexW3016616768

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.