ArticleMaterials today. Bio2020
Enzymatic outside-in cross-linking enables single-step microcapsule production for high-throughput three-dimensional cell microaggregate formation.
Article in Materials today. Bio, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Self-Feeding Living Materials Enabled by Cell Responsive Glycogen Nanoparticles as Metabolic Batteries.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
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- Advances in extrusion-based bioprinting enabled by advanced printhead and nozzle designs.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Engineering osteoclast resorption unitsLab on a chip · 2026Article
- Stimuli-Responsive Self-Healing Ionic Gels: A Promising Approach for Dermal and Tissue Engineering Applications.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2025Review
- Single-Step Biofabrication of In Situ Spheroid-Forming Compartmentalized Hydrogel for Clinical-Sized Cartilage Tissue Formation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Mass production of lumenogenic human embryoid bodies and functional cardiospheres using in-air-generated microcapsules.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Microencapsulated stem cells reduce cartilage damage in a material dependent manner following minimally invasive intra-articular injection in an OA rat model.Materials today. Bio · 2023Article
- Design and Development of Extracellular Matrix Protein-Based Microcapsules as Tools for Bacteria Investigation.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Scalable fabrication, compartmentalization and applications of living microtissues.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- Microfluidic Formulation of Topological Hydrogels for Microtissue Engineering.Chemical reviews · 2022Review
- Article
- Single-Cell Microgels for Diagnostics and Therapeutics.Advanced functional materials · 2021Article
- Silk fibroin nanofibers: a promising ink additive for extrusion three-dimensional bioprinting.Materials today. Bio · 2020Article
- Silk Polymers and Nanoparticles: A Powerful Combination for the Design of Versatile Biomaterials.Frontiers in chemistry · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cell-laden hydrogel microcapsules enable the high-throughput production of cell aggregates, which are relevant for three-dimensional tissue engineering and drug screening applications. However, current microcapsule production strategies are limited by their throughput, multistep protocols, and limited amount of compatible biomaterials. We here present a single-step process for the controlled microfluidic production of single-core microcapsules using enzymatic outside-in cross-linking of tyramine-conjugated polymers. It was hypothesized that a physically, instead of the conventionally explored biochemically, controlled enzymatic cross-linking process would improve the reproducibility, operational window, and throughput of shell formation. Droplets were flown through a silicone delay line, which allowed for highly controlled diffusion of the enzymatic cross-linking initiator. The microcapsules' cross-linking density and shell thickness is strictly depended on the droplet's retention time in the delay line, which is predictably controlled by flow rate. The here presented hydrogel cross-linking method allows for facile and cytocompatible production of cell-laden microcapsules compatible with the formation and biorthogonal isolation of long-term viable cellular spheroids for tissue engineering and drug screening applications.
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