ReviewFrontiers in immunology2020
Virus-Induced T Cell-Mediated Heterologous Immunity and Vaccine Development.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Double trouble: how co- and superinfections shape viral dynamics and host responses.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Proteomic Applications in Vaccine Development.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Promising Cancer Vaccine for Glioblastoma Therapy: A Focus on mRNA Vaccine.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Probiotic peptidoglycan skeleton enhances vaccine efficacy against MRSA by inducing trained immunity via the TLR2/JAK-STAT3 pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Infectious Disease as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Dementia: A Narrative Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Developing a Coccidioides posadasii and SARS-CoV-2 Co-infection Model in the K18-hACE2 Transgenic Mouse.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- COVID-19 Variants and Vaccine Development.Viruses · 2024Review
- MORITS: An improved method to predict peptides from heterologous proteins that are recognized by the same T-cell receptor.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Specific and Nonspecific Effects of Influenza Vaccines.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Review
- Aspergillus and the Lung.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Review
- Defining correlates of protection for mammalian livestock vaccines against high-priority viral diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Novel approaches for the rapid development of rationally designed arbovirus vaccines.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Roles for Pathogen Interference in Influenza Vaccination, with Implications to Vaccine Effectiveness (VE) and Attribution of Influenza Deaths.Infectious disease reports · 2022Review
- Comparative analysis of human immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or Ad26.COV2.S.NPJ vaccines · 2022Article
- Why Does the Severity of COVID-19 Differ With Age?: Understanding the Mechanisms Underlying the Age Gradient in Outcome Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2022Review
- Pathogenesis of Respiratory Viral and Fungal Coinfections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Heterologous Immunity Between SARS-CoV-2 and Pathogenic Bacteria.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heterologous immunity (H.I.) is a consequence of an encounter with a specific antigen, which can alter the subsequent immune response to a different antigen. This can happen at the innate immune system level-often called trained immunity or innate immune memory-and/or at the adaptive immune system level involving T memory cells and antibodies. Viruses may also induce T cell-mediated H.I., which can confer protection or drive immunopathology against other virus subtypes, related or unrelated viruses, other pathogens, auto- or allo-antigens. It is important to understand the underlying mechanisms for the development of antiviral "universal" vaccines and broader T cell responses rather than just subtype-specific antibody responses as in the case of influenza. Furthermore, knowledge about determinants of vaccine-mediated H.I. may inform public health policies and provide suggestions for repurposing existing vaccines. Here, we introduce H.I. and provide an overview of evidence on virus- and antiviral vaccine-induced T cell-mediated cross-reactive responses. We also discuss the factors influencing final clinical outcome of virus-mediated H.I. as well as non-specific beneficial effects of live attenuated antiviral vaccines such as measles and vaccinia. Available epidemiological and mechanistic data have implications both for the development of new vaccines and for personalized vaccinology, which are presented. Finally, we formulate future research priorities and opportunities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.