ReviewNeurologia medico-chirurgica2020
The Subaxial Cervical Pedicle Screw for Cervical Spine Diseases: The Review of Technical Developments and Complication Avoidance.
Review in Neurologia medico-chirurgica, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cervical Spine Pedicle Screw Accuracy in Fluoroscopic, Navigated and Template Guided Systems-A Systematic Review.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2021Pooled it
- Staged dorsolateral decompression and posterior stabilization for severe ventral odontoid compression in basilar invagination: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2026Article
- Intraoperative Navigation in Cervical Spine Surgery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Anterior Corpectomy Versus Posterior Pedicle Screw Fixation With 5.5-mm Rods for Metastatic Spinal Tumor Located in the Cervicothoracic Junction.Neurospine · 2025Article
- Revealing the potential: radiological assessment of pedicle screw placement in the craniocervical junction and upper cervical spine.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Article
- Comparison of open and percutaneous navigated pedicle screw placement for traumatic injuries of the subaxial cervical spine.Brain & spine · 2025Article
- Comparison of different imaging devices and navigation systems for cervical pedicle screw placement: an experimental study on screw accuracy, screw placement time and radiation dose.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Accurate Placement and Revisions for Cervical Pedicle Screws Placed With or Without Navigation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Global spine journal · 2024Article
- The Efficacy of Cervical Pedicle Screw Is Enhanced When Used With 5.5-mm Rods for Metastatic Cervical Spinal Tumor Surgery.Neurospine · 2024Article
- Exploring the micromorphological characteristics of adult lower cervical vertebrae based on micro-computed tomography.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Assessment of Biomechanical Advantages in Combined Anterior-Posterior Cervical Spine Surgery by Radiological Outcomes: Pedicle Screws over Lateral Mass Screws.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Surgical management of Grisel syndrome in the adult patient: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2022Article
- 3D-printed guides for cervical pedicle screw placement in primary spine tumor: Case report and technical description.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- Patient-Matched 3-D-Printed Guides for the Insertion of Cervical Pedicle Screws in Tumor Surgery.Case reports in surgery · 2021Article
- Posterior Facetectomy with Fusion Using a Pedicle Screw for Parallel-shaped Cervical Foraminal Stenosis.Korean journal of neurotrauma · 2020Article
- Subaxial Cervical Pedicle Screw in Traumatic Spinal Surgery.Korean journal of neurotrauma · 2020Review
- Novel use of percutaneous cervical pedicle inlet screws for supplemental posterior fixation after anterior cervical deformity correction.Journal of craniovertebral junction & spineArticle
- The Attallah screw: Where safety meets robustness in posterior subaxial cervical instrumentation.Medicine internationalArticle
- The role of cervical pedicle screw in cervical spine trauma: A single-center retrospective study.Journal of craniovertebral junction & spineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to review information on the subaxial cervical pedicle screw (CPS) including recent anatomical considerations, entry points, placement techniques, accuracy, learning curve, and complications. Relevant literatures were reviewed, and the authors' experiences were summarized. The CPS is used for reconstruction of unstable cervical spine and achieves superior biomechanical stability compared to other fixation techniques. Various insertion and guidance techniques are established, among which, lateral fluoroscopy-assisted placement is the most common and cost-effective technique. Generally, placement under imaging guidance is more accurate than other techniques, and a three-dimensional template allows optimal trajectory for each pedicle regardless of intraoperative changes in spinal alignment. The free-hand technique using a curved pedicle probe without a funnel-like hole increases screw stability and reduces operation time, radiation exposure, and soft tissue injury. Compared to conventional lateral fluoroscopy-assisted placement, free-hand CPS placement by trained surgeons achieves superior accuracy comparable to that of image-guided navigation; in general, 30 training cases are sufficient for learning a safe and accurate technique for CPS placement. The complications of subaxial CPS are classified into three categories: complications due to screw misplacement, complications without screw misplacement, and others. Inexperienced surgeons may benefit from advanced techniques; however, the accuracy of CPS ultimately depends on the surgeon's experience. Inexperienced surgeons should master the placement of the thoracolumbar pedicle screw in real practice and practice CPS insertion using cadavers. During the initial phase of the learning curve, careful preparation of surgery, reiterated identification, patterned safety steps, and supervision of the expert are necessary.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.