ArticleBMC ophthalmology2020
Prevalence of myopia and associated risk factors among primary students in Chongqing: multilevel modeling.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep and myopia in children and adolescents: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- The association between screen time exposure and myopia in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Cost of Myopia Correction: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Assessment of myopic rebound effect after discontinuation of treatment with 0.01% atropine eye drops in Japanese school-age children.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- The longitudinal associations of reading, writing and screen time with myopia at age 9 years among children from the GUSTO birth cohort.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- Current status of vision and refractive errors among children and adolescents in northeast Sichuan, China: a school-based cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Three-year surveillance of myopia trends and urban-rural disparities among schoolchildren in a Coastal City of Southern China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Myopia Prevalence and Associated Factors among Secondary School Students in Finote Selam Town, Northwest Ethiopia.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2025Article
- Associations of incident myopia and its development with related factors among school-aged children across different grades: a four-year longitudinal study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Factors protecting against progression of myopia in school students exposed to societal change in Vietnam: a 3-year cohort study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Prevalence and factors influencing overweight/obesity and poor vision in children and adolescents before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in a city in Sichuan Province.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of myopia among children and adolescents in Hangzhou.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Large-scale study in Chengdu, China: The prevalence of myopia full-correction decreased with increasing myopia in adolescents.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Lifestyle and risk of developing myopia in school children in Chongqing, China.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Effect of artificial natural light on the development of myopia among primary school-age children in China: a three-year longitudinal study.International journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- A Review of the Role of the School Spatial Environment in Promoting the Visual Health of Minors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Prevalence of myopia and associated risk factors among key schools in Xi'an, China.BMC ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Association of near work and dim light with myopia among 1400 school children in a district in North India.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
- Correlation of parental and childhood myopia in children aged 5-16 years in North India.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of myopia and associated risk factors among children in Chongqing has not yet been determined. This study investigated the prevalence of myopia and possible relationships between myopia and several related factors among school children in Chongqing.
methodsThis cross-sectional study assessed a sample of 997 children (7-13 years of age) attending primary school in Chongqing. Data were obtained from visual acuity and refractive error measurements and a structured questionnaire. Myopia was defined as visual acuity < 5.0 and refractive error (spherical equivalent) of < - 0.50 diopters (D) in either eye. Multilevel modeling was applied to investigate potential risk factors.
resultsThe overall prevalence of myopia was 33.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 31.0-36.8]; myopia prevalence significantly increased with age. Girls were at a higher risk of myopia than boys [odds ratio (OR) = 1.449, 95% CI = 1.060-1.979]. Children with paternal myopia (OR = 2.130, 95% CI = 1.376-3.297) or maternal myopia (OR = 1.861, 95% CI =1.153-3.002) had a higher risk of myopia than those without myopic parents. Children who spent more than 1 h daily outdoors were less likely to have myopia; meanwhile, children who did homework more than 3 h daily (OR = 2.237, 95% CI = 1.041-4.804), watched television more than 3 h daily (OR = 2.106, 95% CI = 1.200-3.697), or played electronics more than 1 h daily (OR = 2.983, 95% CI = 2.088-4.262) had a higher risk of myopia.
conclusionsMyopia in school children is a serious public health problem in Chongqing. Myopia was significantly positively associated with higher age, female sex, parental myopia, and spending a long time indoors; notably, playing with electronics had the greatest influence on the risk of myopia.
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