ArticleAlcoholism, clinical and experimental research2020
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders in a Midwestern City: Child Characteristics, Maternal Risk Traits, and Prevalence.
Article in Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prenatal alcohol exposure and associations with physical size, dysmorphology and neurodevelopment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Systematic Review: Polysubstance Prevalence Estimates Reported during Pregnancy, US, 2009-2020.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on cognitive and behavioral development: Findings from a hierarchical meta-analysis of data from six prospective longitudinal U.S. cohorts.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2021Pooled it
- The impact of micronutrient supplementation in alcohol-exposed pregnancies on reaction time responses of preschoolers in Ukraine.Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.) · 2022Trial
- Alcohol and pregnancy: Benefits and harms of pregnancy-specific alcohol policies among maternal-infant dyads covered by Medicaid.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Does paternal alcohol consumption affect the severity of traits of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Understanding the effects of alcohol policies on treatment admissions and birth outcomes among young pregnant people.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Maternal and paternal risk factors associated with diagnoses within the continuum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in the USA: Proximal and distal influences.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Dopamine attenuates ethanol-induced neuronal apoptosis by stimulating electrical activity in the developing rat retina.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Maternal risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Distal variables.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- Binge-like ethanol exposure during the brain growth spurt disrupts the function of retrosplenial cortex-projecting anterior thalamic neurons in adolescent mice.Neuropharmacology · 2023Article
- Multifaceted case management during pregnancy is associated with better child outcomes and less fetal alcohol syndrome.Annals of medicine · 2023Article
- Maternal and paternal risk factors for fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Alcohol and other drug use as proximal influences.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2023Article
- How Maternal Nutritional and Mental Health Affects Child Health During Pregnancy: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- Children with FASD-Evolving Patterns of Developmental Problems and Intervention Costs in Ages 0 through 16 in Finland.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Modeling the enigma of complex disease etiology.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Gene-alcohol interactions in birth defects.Current topics in developmental biology · 2023Article
- Moderate prenatal alcohol exposure modifies sex-specific CRFR1 activity in the central amygdala and anxiety-like behavior in adolescent offspring.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- The prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in rural communities in South Africa: A third regional sample of child characteristics and maternal risk factors.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the characteristics of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and their mothers in a Midwestern city.
methodsCase-control samples were drawn from 2 separate first-grade cohorts (combined N = 4,047) in every city school using different methods. In Cohort Sample 1, all consented small children (≤25th centile on height, weight, and/or head circumference) entered the study along with a random sample from all enrolled students. Cohort Sample 2 was drawn totally at random. Child growth, dysmorphology, and neurobehavior were assessed using the Collaboration on FASD Prevalence (CoFASP) criteria, and mothers were interviewed.
resultsFor the samples combined, 891 children received dysmorphology examinations, and 692 were case-conferenced for final diagnosis. Forty-four children met criteria for FASD. Total dysmorphology scores differentiated diagnostic groups: fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), 16.7; partial FAS, 11.8; alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), 6.1; and typically developing controls, 4.2. Neurobehavioral tests distinguished children with FASD from controls, more for behavioral problems than cognitive delay. Children with ARND demonstrated the poorest neurobehavioral indicators. An adjusted regression model of usual prepregnancy drinking indicated that maternal reports of 3 drinks per drinking day (DDD) were significantly associated with a FASD diagnosis (p = 0.020, OR = 10.1, 95% CI = 1.44 to 70.54), as were 5 or more DDD (p < 0.001, OR = 26.47, 95% CI = 4.65 to 150.62). Other significant maternal risk factors included the following: self-reported drinking in any trimester; smoking and cocaine use during pregnancy; later pregnancy recognition and later and less prenatal care; lower maternal weight, body mass index (BMI), and head circumference; and unmarried status. There was no significant difference in FASD prevalence by race, Hispanic ethnicity, or socioeconomic status at this site, where the prevalence of FASD was 14.4 to 41.2 per 1,000 (1.4 to 4.1%).
conclusionThis city displayed the lowest prevalence of FASD of the 4 CoFASP sites. Nevertheless, FASD were common, and affected children demonstrated a common, recognizable, and measurable array of traits.
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